Which physiological change is the primary reason that adolescent females require a higher daily intake of iron than adolescent males?
Onset of menstruation and blood loss
Rapid increase in skeletal bone density
Decline in the basal metabolic rate
increased production of thyroid hormones
The Correct Answer is A
A. The onset of menstruation (menarche) in adolescent females results in regular blood loss each month, increasing iron requirements to replace lost hemoglobin and prevent iron-deficiency anemia. This is the primary physiological reason adolescent girls need more iron than their male peers. Adequate iron intake is essential for oxygen transport, energy metabolism, and proper growth during adolescence.
B. Rapid skeletal growth occurs in both adolescent males and females, but it is not the main reason for higher iron needs in females. Bone growth primarily requires calcium, phosphorus, and vitamin D rather than iron.
C. Basal metabolic rate (BMR) may fluctuate during adolescence, but a decline in BMR does not increase iron requirements. Iron needs are linked to blood production, not changes in metabolism.
D. While thyroid hormones regulate metabolism, their increased production is not the primary factor driving higher iron requirements in adolescent females.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Listeriosis is a bacterial infection caused by Listeria monocytogenes, typically from contaminated food, and is particularly dangerous during pregnancy. It is unrelated to cravings for nonfood items.
B. Famine refers to a widespread scarcity of food, often due to crop failure or disaster. It is not a medical condition involving cravings.
C. Preeclampsia is a pregnancy-related condition characterized by high blood pressure and protein in the urine, sometimes accompanied by swelling. It does not involve cravings for nonfood substances.
D. Pica is the medical term for a craving and consumption of nonfood substances such as dirt, clay, chalk, ice, or paper. It is often associated with nutritional deficiencies (e.g., iron or zinc deficiency), pregnancy, or certain mental health conditions. Pica can lead to health risks, including gastrointestinal blockages, poisoning, or infections if the nonfood items are contaminated.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. While this option lists some food items, it is incomplete and includes “citrus” separately, which is already part of the fruit group, and “cheese” separately instead of as part of the broader dairy category.
B. The USDA food patterns include five main food groups: grains, vegetables, fruits, dairy, and protein foods. These patterns are designed to provide balanced nutrition, ensure adequate intake of essential nutrients, and promote overall health. Protein foods include lean meats, poultry, seafood, eggs, nuts, seeds, and legumes. The patterns emphasize whole grains, a variety of colorful vegetables and fruits, low-fat or fat-free dairy products, and lean protein sources. These food groups form the foundation of healthy eating recommendations, such as those presented in MyPlate.
C. This option is incomplete because it omits vegetables and dairy, which are essential food groups in the USDA guidelines.
D. While fruits, vegetables, and whole grains are important, this option leaves out dairy and protein foods, making it incomplete according to USDA recommendations.
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