Which side effect should a client be educated about when prescribed an alpha-glucosidase inhibitor?
Suicidal ideations
Angioedema
Hyperglycemia
Gastrointestinal upset
The Correct Answer is D
A. Suicidal ideations: Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors do not affect central neurotransmitter pathways involved in mood regulation. These agents act locally in the intestine and have no known association with psychiatric adverse effects.
B. Angioedema: This reaction involves immunologic or bradykinin-mediated swelling of deep tissues and is typically linked with ACE inhibitors or certain biologics. Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors do not trigger mast-cell–mediated reactions of this type.
C. Hyperglycemia: These drugs delay carbohydrate absorption in the small intestine by inhibiting brush-border enzymes, which reduces postprandial glucose spikes. They do not cause hyperglycemia; if anything, they reduce glucose surges following meals.
D. Gastrointestinal upset: Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors commonly cause flatulence, abdominal cramping, and diarrhea due to fermentation of undigested carbohydrates in the colon. This GI intolerance results from delayed carbohydrate breakdown and is the primary counseling point for clients.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. "I will increase my dietary intake of iodine.": Methimazole works by inhibiting thyroid hormone synthesis, and increasing iodine intake may counteract its effects or worsen hyperthyroidism. Clients should avoid excessive iodine unless specifically directed by the provider.
B. "I will take my dose of medication with food.": Taking methimazole with food helps minimize gastrointestinal irritation, a common side effect. This demonstrates the client understands proper administration techniques to improve tolerance while maintaining therapeutic effectiveness.
C. "I will skip a dose if I experience palpitations.": Skipping doses without consulting the provider is unsafe, as inconsistent medication can worsen hyperthyroid symptoms and interfere with achieving a therapeutic effect. Palpitations should be reported, not treated by omission of the dose.
D. "My symptoms will improve within 24 hours.": Methimazole has a delayed onset of action; symptom improvement usually takes several weeks as thyroid hormone levels gradually decrease. Expecting immediate relief reflects a misunderstanding of the drug’s pharmacodynamics.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Maintain bedrest when taking this medication: Oxycodone is an opioid analgesic that can cause sedation and dizziness, but bedrest is not required. Encouraging normal activity as tolerated helps prevent complications like deconditioning and constipation.
B. Change positions slowly to minimize dizziness: Oxycodone can cause orthostatic hypotension and dizziness. Educating the client to change positions slowly reduces the risk of falls and injury, which is a critical safety measure during opioid therapy.
C. An increased respiratory rate is expected: Oxycodone typically depresses respiratory function rather than increasing respiratory rate. Monitoring for signs of respiratory depression is important, especially in older adults or those with comorbidities.
D. Take with meals to minimize diarrhea: Opioids like oxycodone often cause constipation rather than diarrhea. Taking with food may help minimize nausea, but diarrhea is not an expected side effect.
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