Which solution could cause blistering and ulceration at an IV site?
Hypotonic solution
Vitamin infusion
Vesicant
Isotonic fluid
The Correct Answer is C
A. Hypotonic solution: Hypotonic fluids cause water to move into cells, which may lead to cellular swelling or hemolysis if infused improperly. They do not directly cause tissue necrosis, blistering, or ulceration at the IV site. Local tissue injury of this severity is not typical.
B. Vitamin infusion: Most vitamin infusions are considered non-vesicant and are diluted to reduce irritation. While mild local irritation may occur, they do not produce the severe tissue damage associated with blistering or ulceration. Tissue necrosis is not an expected effect.
C. Vesicant: Vesicant medications cause severe tissue injury if they leak into surrounding tissue. Extravasation can result in blistering, ulceration, necrosis, and long-term tissue damage due to direct cytotoxic effects. Immediate intervention is required when vesicant extravasation is suspected.
D. Isotonic fluid: Isotonic fluids have a similar osmolarity to plasma and are generally well tolerated by peripheral veins. They do not disrupt cellular integrity or cause local tissue destruction. Blistering and ulceration are not associated with isotonic IV solutions.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Calculation:
- Identify the total amount of medication and the total volume after reconstitution
Total Medication: 1 g = 1000 mg
Volume added: 4 mL
- Calculate the concentration
Concentration = Total Medication ÷ Total Volume
Concentration = 1000 ÷ 4
= 250 mg/mL
Correct Answer is {"dropdown-group-1":"D"}
Explanation
A. Indirectly: Infusion pumps do not control fluid delivery indirectly; they provide precise, direct control over both rate and volume. Indirect regulation would rely on manual estimation or gravity, which lacks accuracy.
B. Manually: Manual regulation involves using roller clamps or gravity drips, which are prone to error and cannot ensure consistent infusion rates. Infusion pumps are specifically designed to minimize manual adjustments.
C. Occasionally: Infusion pumps provide continuous control rather than intermittent or occasional regulation. Sporadic adjustments would defeat the purpose of automated delivery and compromise safety.
D. Automatically: Infusion pumps are engineered to automatically deliver fluids and medications at predetermined rates and volumes, ensuring accuracy and consistency. This reduces the risk of under- or over-infusion and enhances patient safety.
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