Which statement about Rubella in pregnancy is true?
If a mom is Rubella equivocal or non-immune, she should be vaccinated during pregnancy.
Rubella does not pass through the placenta, so there are no fetal concerns of transmission.
Rubella is known as German measles and affects fetal brain and heart development if contracted during pregnancy.
Rubella is part of the Tdap vaccine and most women have been vaccinated during pregnancy.
The Correct Answer is C
Choice A rationale
Rubella vaccination is a live-attenuated viral vaccine. Administering a live vaccine during pregnancy is generally contraindicated due to the theoretical risk of transmitting the vaccine virus to the fetus. The vaccine virus could potentially replicate and cause congenital rubella syndrome, although this risk is extremely low. Therefore, a non-immune or equivocal pregnant woman should be advised to receive the vaccine postpartum to prevent future infection in subsequent pregnancies. The safe window for vaccination is after childbirth and before discharge.
Choice B rationale
Rubella, a teratogenic virus, readily crosses the placental barrier, posing a significant risk of vertical transmission from mother to fetus. The virus can infect the developing fetus, leading to congenital rubella syndrome (CRS). The risk and severity of fetal infection are highest during the first trimester. The fetus is most vulnerable to the teratogenic effects of the virus, which can result in multiple severe congenital anomalies.
Choice C rationale
Rubella, also known as German measles, is a highly contagious disease caused by the rubella virus. When a pregnant woman contracts the infection, the virus can cross the placenta and infect the developing fetus. This can lead to congenital rubella syndrome (CRS), which is associated with a triad of clinical manifestations: cataracts, cardiac malformations (such as patent ductus arteriosus), and sensorineural deafness. Other complications include microcephaly and intellectual disability, highlighting the virus's significant impact on fetal brain and heart development.
Choice D rationale
The Tdap vaccine, which stands for tetanus, diphtheria, and acellular pertussis, is a combination vaccine recommended for all pregnant women, typically between 27 and 36 weeks gestation. This vaccine is designed to protect newborns from pertussis (whooping cough), not rubella. Rubella is part of the MMR (measles, mumps, and rubella) vaccine, which is a live vaccine and is contraindicated during pregnancy
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["200"]
Explanation
Step 1 is: 300 ml ÷ 90 min × 60 min/hr.
Step 2 is: 3.333333333 ml/min × 60 min/hr.
Step 3 is: 200 ml/hr. Answer: 200
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale
While any serious maternal infection or complication can theoretically increase the risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes, including miscarriage, HSV infection is not a primary risk factor for spontaneous abortion. The greatest risk associated with HSV in pregnancy is the transmission of the virus to the neonate, particularly during vaginal birth. Miscarriage is more commonly linked to chromosomal abnormalities, uterine factors, or other maternal health conditions. The focus of care in HSV is preventing perinatal transmission.
Choice B rationale
Maternal pain and discomfort associated with a herpes simplex virus (HSV) outbreak are indeed a concern for the pregnant woman. The lesions can be painful and distressing. However, from a medical and fetal health perspective, this is not the greatest concern. The pain and discomfort are temporary and can be managed with supportive care. The potential for serious, life-threatening consequences for the newborn far outweighs the maternal symptoms.
Choice C rationale
The greatest concern regarding maternal herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection is the potential for transmission to the newborn during delivery, especially if the mother has an active primary genital outbreak. Neonatal herpes is a serious and potentially fatal condition that can lead to disseminated disease, central nervous system involvement, or skin, eye, and mouth disease. The risk is highest with a primary infection near term, as the mother has not yet developed protective antibodies to pass to the fetus. A cesarean section is often recommended if active lesions are present.
Choice D rationale
The development of oral cold sores, caused by HSV-1, is generally not the primary concern in the context of pregnancy. While oral HSV can be transmitted to a newborn, the risk is typically much lower and the consequences less severe than with genital HSV transmission during delivery. The focus of concern for maternal-fetal health is primarily on genital herpes outbreaks, particularly a primary infection at the time of delivery, due to the high risk of severe neonatal morbidity and mortality
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