Which would be the best menu choice for a patient who is taking an antithyroid medication?
A seafood platter.
Sushi.
A tofu burger.
Pasta with marinara sauce.
The Correct Answer is D
Choice A rationale
A seafood platter is not a good choice for a patient taking antithyroid medication. Seafood, particularly saltwater fish and shellfish, is naturally rich in iodine. Consuming a high-iodine diet can counteract the effects of antithyroid medications, such as methimazole or propylthiouracil, by providing more substrate for the thyroid gland to produce thyroid hormones, thereby hindering the medication's effectiveness in suppressing hormone synthesis.
Choice B rationale
Sushi is not an ideal choice. Many sushi rolls contain seafood, which is high in iodine. Additionally, the seaweed (nori) used to wrap sushi is a significant source of iodine. The intake of this high-iodine food can inhibit the therapeutic action of antithyroid drugs, which work by blocking thyroid hormone synthesis, and can worsen the patient's hyperthyroidism.
Choice C rationale
A tofu burger is not the best choice. Tofu and other soy products contain goitrogenic compounds that can interfere with thyroid hormone production and iodine uptake. While this might seem beneficial for hyperthyroidism, the interaction with antithyroid medication is complex and inconsistent. It is generally advised to avoid or limit goitrogenic foods to ensure the medication's intended effect is predictable and not counteracted.
Choice D rationale
Pasta with marinara sauce is the best choice. Pasta and marinara sauce are generally low in iodine and are not known to contain goitrogenic substances. This meal choice will not interfere with the action of antithyroid medications, allowing the drugs to effectively reduce thyroid hormone synthesis and manage the patient's hyperthyroid state. It is considered a safe and appropriate dietary option.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Increasing myocardial oxygen demand would be detrimental in coronary artery disease (CAD), as the underlying issue is an imbalance between oxygen supply and demand. Medications aim to decrease demand and increase supply to prevent myocardial ischemia and infarction, so this is not a goal of pharmacotherapy.
Choice B rationale
The primary goal of pharmacotherapy in coronary artery disease is to reduce myocardial oxygen demand and supply balance. This is achieved by using medications that decrease heart rate, contractility, and blood pressure (reducing demand), while simultaneously increasing blood flow to the myocardium (improving supply). This helps prevent ischemia.
Choice C rationale
Promoting vasoconstriction would be harmful in CAD, as it would further narrow already stenotic coronary arteries, thereby decreasing blood flow and oxygen supply to the myocardium. The goal of many CAD medications, such as nitroglycerin, is vasodilation to improve blood flow.
Choice D rationale
Increasing blood viscosity would be counterproductive, as it would make blood thicker and more difficult to pump through narrowed coronary arteries. This would increase the workload on the heart and further compromise oxygen supply, increasing the risk of thrombotic events and myocardial infarction.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale
A heart rate of 64 beats/min is within the normal range for an adult (60-100 beats/min) and is not a cause for concern. Patients taking beta-blockers often have a lower resting heart rate due to the medication's effect, and this value would typically be considered a therapeutic response.
Choice B rationale
Beta-blocking drugs are generally contraindicated in patients with asthma because they can cause bronchospasm by blocking beta-2 receptors in the lungs. This can worsen asthmatic symptoms and lead to respiratory distress, so these medications are not safe for this patient population.
Choice C rationale
A weight gain of 2 lb in 24 hours or 5 lb in 1 week may indicate fluid retention, a sign of worsening heart failure. Patients with angina may also have underlying heart failure, and beta-blockers can sometimes worsen this condition. It is important to monitor for signs of fluid overload.
Choice D rationale
Grapefruit juice is known to interact with certain medications by inhibiting the cytochrome P450 enzymes, leading to increased drug levels. However, it does not have a significant interaction with most beta-blocking drugs and therefore does not need to be avoided.
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