Which would be the best menu choice for a patient who is taking an antithyroid medication?
A seafood platter.
Sushi.
A tofu burger.
Pasta with marinara sauce.
The Correct Answer is D
Choice A rationale
A seafood platter is not a good choice for a patient taking antithyroid medication. Seafood, particularly saltwater fish and shellfish, is naturally rich in iodine. Consuming a high-iodine diet can counteract the effects of antithyroid medications, such as methimazole or propylthiouracil, by providing more substrate for the thyroid gland to produce thyroid hormones, thereby hindering the medication's effectiveness in suppressing hormone synthesis.
Choice B rationale
Sushi is not an ideal choice. Many sushi rolls contain seafood, which is high in iodine. Additionally, the seaweed (nori) used to wrap sushi is a significant source of iodine. The intake of this high-iodine food can inhibit the therapeutic action of antithyroid drugs, which work by blocking thyroid hormone synthesis, and can worsen the patient's hyperthyroidism.
Choice C rationale
A tofu burger is not the best choice. Tofu and other soy products contain goitrogenic compounds that can interfere with thyroid hormone production and iodine uptake. While this might seem beneficial for hyperthyroidism, the interaction with antithyroid medication is complex and inconsistent. It is generally advised to avoid or limit goitrogenic foods to ensure the medication's intended effect is predictable and not counteracted.
Choice D rationale
Pasta with marinara sauce is the best choice. Pasta and marinara sauce are generally low in iodine and are not known to contain goitrogenic substances. This meal choice will not interfere with the action of antithyroid medications, allowing the drugs to effectively reduce thyroid hormone synthesis and manage the patient's hyperthyroid state. It is considered a safe and appropriate dietary option.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale
The patient's symptoms of shakiness, sweating, and anxiety are classic signs of hypoglycemia, a low blood glucose level. Giving them only a glass of water will not raise their blood glucose level and will not correct the underlying issue. The brain needs glucose to function, and without a rapid source, the patient could progress to more severe symptoms, including confusion, loss of consciousness, or seizures.
Choice B rationale
A carbohydrate-rich snack, such as a glass of juice or a few glucose tablets, provides a rapid source of glucose that can be quickly absorbed and utilized by the body. This action will promptly raise the patient's blood glucose level, reversing the hypoglycemic episode and alleviating the symptoms. This is the most effective and appropriate initial nursing action for a conscious patient experiencing hypoglycemia.
Choice C rationale
Exercising would further deplete the body's glucose stores, worsening the hypoglycemic state. Physical activity increases glucose utilization by muscles, which would lower the already deficient blood glucose level. This action would be dangerous and could cause the patient's condition to deteriorate rapidly, leading to a medical emergency. Exercise should only be encouraged after blood glucose has been stabilized.
Choice D rationale
A protein-rich snack takes longer to digest and convert into glucose, so it will not provide the rapid increase in blood sugar needed to treat an acute hypoglycemic event. While protein can help to stabilize blood glucose levels after they have been raised with a carbohydrate source, it is not the appropriate first-line treatment for a patient experiencing acute hypoglycemia.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Insulin glulisine is a rapid-acting insulin. Its onset of action is approximately 10 to 15 minutes, with a peak effect in about 30 to 90 minutes. It is typically administered immediately before or after a meal to manage postprandial glucose excursions. Rapid-acting insulins are used to mimic the natural insulin response to food intake.
Choice B rationale
Insulin isophane suspension (NPH) is an intermediate-acting insulin. It has a slower onset and longer duration of action compared to rapid- or short-acting insulins. Its onset is approximately 1 to 2 hours, with a peak effect in 4 to 12 hours. It is used to provide basal insulin coverage between meals and overnight.
Choice C rationale
Insulin detemir is a long-acting insulin. Its onset of action is gradual, typically starting 1 to 2 hours after administration, and it provides a steady, peakless glucose-lowering effect that can last for up to 24 hours. This type of insulin is designed to provide a continuous, basal level of insulin throughout the day or night.
Choice D rationale
Regular insulin is a short-acting insulin. It has an onset of action of 30 to 60 minutes, a peak effect in 2 to 4 hours, and a duration of 5 to 8 hours. It is used to cover meals and is the only insulin that can be administered intravenously in clinical settings for rapid glucose control.
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