In 1932 the Australian government lost a war against the native emu population. The operation that has since become known as the Great Emu War began as an initiative to combat overpopulation of the crop-destroying birds invading farmland around Chandler and Walgoolan. The initial assault on the flightless avian began on November 2 and lasted six days before the military personnel withdrew. Efforts resumed on November 12, but by early December the feathered foes had adopted guerrilla tactics against the targeted wheat fields, rendering military involvement largely ineffective. The Australian government declined further involvement with the ongoing conflict in 1934,1943 and 1948, despite the repeated pleas for assistance by the farmers in the area.

Which of the following statements is a logical conclusion based on this report?

Peanut Butter Cookies

Grandma Harry           30 minutes       Cookies/Desserts         Makes 1 dozen

1 egg white

3/4 cup sugar 1 cup peanut butter

1 teaspoon vanilla

1/2 cup flour

Beat egg white until foamy. Stir in sugar, beat again until stiff peaks form. Gently fold in peanut butter and vanilla. Add flour in small increments until dough forms. Chill dough for at least 2 hours. Roll into balls, roll in sugar, press down with a fork, and bake at 350 degrees F for 10 to 12 minutes. Let cool on cookie sheet. These are very fragile.

Which of the following statements about the passage is true?

The Farallon Islands, or Devil’s Teeth, as they are referred to by sailors, are a group of small islands with rocky, barren terrain and treacherous underwater currents, 48 km (30 miles) off the coast of San Francisco, California. Although the islands are small, with a combined total land area of 0.41 km squared (0.16 square miles), they are positioned in a major ocean current, which enables them to house dense populations of birds, rodents, seals, and other water mammals.

The abundance of wildlife first attracted Russian and American fur traders in the early 1800s, who then nearly eliminated the seal population in the area. The islands then became an agricultural resource for San Francisco during the Gold Rush era when egg companies began harvesting bird eggs on the islands. In 1863, violence between rival egg companies erupted on the islands (known as the “Egg War”), which inadvertently attracted national attention and provoked law makers to pass legislation to protect and rehabilitate the islands’ natural ecosystem.

In 1881, an executive order was passed that decreed egging illegal on the Farallons. This ended private enterprises on the islands and was reinforced in 1909 when President Theodore Roosevelt created the Farallon Reservation to restrict human access and preserve the northern islands. Protection was expanded in 1967 to include all the Farallon Islands, and over time many of the islands’ original inhabitants have returned.

The Farallons are now home to the world’s largest population of western gulls. Seals have returned, as well as otters and sea lions, which in turn attracts great white sharks. The combination of sharks, underwater currents, and jagged coastline are probably what earned the Farralons their nickname, “Devil’s Teeth,” though it hasn’t stopped a few adventurous people from swimming. Four people have completed the 30-mile swim from the islands to San Francisco; the fasted person completed the journey in 14 hours.

With which of the following organization might the author of the article most closely associate?1890

Bessie Coleman, the first civilian licensed Black pilot in the world, was born in 1892 to sharecroppers in Texas, where she attended a segregated school and world with her family in the cotton fields. She dreamed of becoming a pilot but no flight schools in America would accept her, so she moved to France to earn her pilot's license.

When she returned to the U.S, she wanted to open a flight school for Black students. She became a stunt flier and performed for paying audiences, which she insisted be desegregated. Following her death in a plane crash in 1926, the Bessie Coleman Aero Club was established in Los Angeles in 1929. She was inducted into the National Aviation Hall of Fame in 2006.

Which of the following statements correctly identifies the sequence of events in the reading?

Peanut Butter Cookies

Grandma Harry           30 minutes       Cookies/Desserts         Makes 1 dozen

1 egg white

3/4 cup sugar 1 cup peanut butter

1 teaspoon vanilla

1/2 cup flour

Beat egg white until foamy. Stir in sugar, beat again until stiff peaks form. Gently fold in peanut butter and vanilla. Add flour in small increments until dough forms. Chill dough for at least 2 hours. Roll into balls, roll in sugar, press down with a fork, and bake at 350 degrees F for 10 to 12 minutes. Let cool on cookie sheet. These are very fragile.

Which of the following conclusions can be taken from the passage?

The Farallon Islands, or Devil’s Teeth, as they are referred to by sailors, are a group of small islands with rocky, barren terrain and treacherous underwater currents, 48 km (30 miles) off the coast of San Francisco, California. Although the islands are small, with a combined total land area of 0.41 km squared (0.16 square miles), they are positioned in a major ocean current, which enables them to house dense populations of birds, rodents, seals, and other water mammals.

The abundance of wildlife first attracted Russian and American fur traders in the early 1800s, who then nearly eliminated the seal population in the area. The islands then became an agricultural resource for San Francisco during the Gold Rush era when egg companies began harvesting bird eggs on the islands. In 1863, violence between rival egg companies erupted on the islands (known as the “Egg War”), which inadvertently attracted national attention and provoked law makers to pass legislation to protect and rehabilitate the islands’ natural ecosystem.

In 1881, an executive order was passed that decreed egging illegal on the Farallons. This ended private enterprises on the islands and was reinforced in 1909 when President Theodore Roosevelt created the Farallon Reservation to restrict human access and preserve the northern islands. Protection was expanded in 1967 to include all the Farallon Islands, and over time many of the islands’ original inhabitants have returned.

The Farallons are now home to the world’s largest population of western gulls. Seals have returned, as well as otters and sea lions, which in turn attracts great white sharks. The combination of sharks, underwater currents, and jagged coastline are probably what earned the Farralons their nickname, “Devil’s Teeth,” though it hasn’t stopped a few adventurous people from swimming. Four people have completed the 30-mile swim from the islands to San Francisco; the fasted person completed the journey in 14 hours.

What is the main idea of the passage?

Numerous studies have confirmed that a brisk walk 30 minutes each day is adequate exercise for most healthy adults. Two of the most beneficial aspects are increased metabolism and joint flexibility. Equally important, however, are the mental benefits. A daily walk provides a chance to decompress from the stresses of the work day. A change of scenery and fresh air can brighten your mood.

Which of the following sentences contains formal language for use in the academic paper?

Hey there, kitchen utensil aficionados! It's Bob Thurman again, bringing you a brand-new piece of equipment for your home food station! Are you tired of your blocks of premium aged cheddar getting all crumbly when you try to slice them? Don't you hate leaving your fingerprints in that hard stick of butter? Well, worry no more! From the company that brought you the SmackDice comes the Dairy McGrabs! You no longer have to worry about your firm sweaty grip destroying your cheese or your butters. All you have to do is slip on our patented heat-deflecting mitten, complete with plasti-grip palm pad, and slice your smooth dairy products with no threat of them melting or crumbling from your body heat!

Which of the following phrases from the infomercial contains instructions about how to use the advertised product?

Hey there, kitchen utensil aficionados! It's Bob Thurman again, bringing you a brand-new piece of equipment for your home food station! Are you tired of your blocks of premium aged cheddar getting all crumbly when you try to slice them? Don't you hate leaving your fingerprints in that hard stick of butter? Well, worry no more! From the company that brought you the SmackDice comes the Dairy McGrabs! You no longer have to worry about your firm sweaty grip destroying your cheese or your butters. All you have to do is slip on our patented heat-deflecting mitten, complete with plasti-grip palm pad, and slice your smooth dairy products with no threat of them melting or crumbling from your body heat!

Which of the following options best describes the purpose of this infomercial?

It can be difficult to write sometimes, especially if you are creating something brand new. It is even harder when you must write while following certain rules. Some writers thrive when there are limits, like poets. Many poetry forms follow very specific rules, like sonnets or elegies; you can't just throw some words on a page and it is a haiku. On the other hand, some successful poets enjoy breaking the rules. They will refuse to use proper punctuation or follow any sort of structure. So then what good are the rules if you can just break them and still succeed? That doesn't make any sense. I guess that is why I am not a poet.

Which of the following statements reshares the main points of the paragraph?

Bessie Coleman, the first civilian licensed Black pilot in the world, was born in 1892 to sharecroppers in Texas, where she attended a segregated school and world with her family in the cotton fields. She dreamed of becoming a pilot but no flight schools in America would accept her, so she moved to France to earn her pilot's license.

When she returned to the U.S, she wanted to open a flight school for Black students. She became a stunt flier and performed for paying audiences, which she insisted be desegregated. Following her death in a plane crash in 1926, the Bessie Coleman Aero Club was established in Los Angeles in 1929. She was inducted into the National Aviation Hall of Fame in 2006.

Which of the following sources would be useful for gathering more information about Bessie Coleman?