Which of the following occurs in an oxidation reaction?
Removal of oxygen
Addition of carbon
Addition of neutrons
Removal of electrons
Correct Answer : D
An oxidation reaction occurs when there is a removal of electrons ¹. Oxidation is the loss of electrons during a reaction by a molecule, atom or ion ¹. When oxidation occurs, the oxidation state of the chemical species increases ¹.
The other options are not correct because they do not accurately describe what occurs in an oxidation reaction. Removal of oxygen, addition of carbon, and addition of neutrons are not processes that occur in an oxidation reaction.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
The correct answer is d. Carbonic acid. When blood pH rises, carbonic acid can donate H+ ions to act as a buffer and help maintain the pH within a normal range. Carbonic acid is formed when carbon dioxide dissolves in water and reacts with it.
A. Oxygen is not responsible for donating H+ ions to act as a buffer when blood pH rises.
B. Carbon monoxide is a toxic gas that does not play a role in buffering blood pH.
C. Carbon dioxide can dissolve in water to form carbonic acid, which can then donate H+ ions to act as a buffer.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
The correct answer is b. Peptide bonds. Enzymes are proteins, and proteins are made up of amino acid monomers linked together by peptide bonds. A peptide bond is a covalent bond that forms between the carboxyl group of one amino acid and the amino group of another amino acid.
a. Ester bonds are covalent bonds that form between a carboxylic acid and an alcohol.
c. Phosphodiester bonds are covalent bonds that form between a phosphate group and two hydroxyl
groups.
d. Glycosidic bonds are covalent bonds that form between two monosaccharides.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
The structure that is present in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells is the cell membrane ². The cell membrane is a thin layer that surrounds the cell and separates its internal environment from the external environment ². It is composed of a lipid bilayer and proteins and regulates the movement of substances into and out of the cell ².
The other options are not correct because they are not present in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. The endoplasmic reticulum, chloroplast, and Golgi apparatus are organelles that are only found in eukaryotic cells ².
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Enzymes are a type of protein that catalyze chemical reactions in the body. Proteins are one of the four main classes of biological molecules, along with lipids, carbohydrates, and nucleic acids.
The other options are not classes of biological molecules that include enzymes.Lipids are a class of molecules that includes fats and oils, vitamins are organic compounds that are essential for normal growth and nutrition, and carbohydrates are a class of molecules that includes sugars and starches.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A population is said to be at its carrying capacity when it has reached the maximum number of individuals that can be sustained in a particular environment over a prolonged period of time, given the available resources and the prevailing environmental conditions.
In other words, carrying capacity refers to the maximum population size that a given ecosystem can support without being depleted of resources or experiencing environmental degradation. Once a population reaches its carrying capacity, its growth rate slows down and stabilizes, as individuals start to compete more intensely for resources such as food, water, and shelter, and mortality rates increase.
Carrying capacity is an important concept in ecology and population biology because it helps to explain the dynamics of natural populations and how they are influenced by changes in the environment, such as climate change, habitat loss, and human activities.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A change that takes place as a solid turns to a liquid is that particles become less ordered ¹. When a solid is heated, its particles gain energy and begin to vibrate more rapidly ². As the temperature increases, the particles gain enough energy to overcome the forces holding them in place and begin to move more freely
². This results in a loss of order as the solid melts and becomes a liquid.
The other options are not correct because they do not accurately describe a change that takes place as a solid turns to a liquid. Particles do not have a decrease in mobility, move closer together, or experience stronger intermolecular forces between them as a solid turns to a liquid.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
The function of a totipotent cell is to develop into any kind of cell ¹. Totipotent cells have the capacity to produce all adult cell types and can enter the germ line, contributing genetic material to succeeding generations ?. They have the ability to self-replicate, producing daughter cells that are identical to the parent ?.
The other options are incorrect because they do not accurately describe the function of a totipotent cell. Fighting infectious diseases, aiding in the maturation of sex cells, and carrying electrical impulses are not functions performed by totipotent cells.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
An efferent neuron that is responsible for releasing a neurotransmitter that stimulates a muscle cell to contract is a motor neuron ². Motor neurons carry signals from the brain to the peripheral nervous system in order to initiate an action. The neurotransmitter acetylcholine (ACh) is released by motor neurons at the neuromuscular junction in skeletal muscle, causing the muscle to contract ³.
The other options are incorrect because they do not accurately describe the type of neuron responsible for releasing a neurotransmitter that stimulates a muscle cell to contract. Interneurons are found within the central nervous system and facilitate communication between sensory and motor neurons. Sensory neurons carry information from sensory receptors to the central nervous system. Neuroglia are support cells for neurons and do not transmit nerve impulses.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Most of the carbon dioxide from the blood moves into the alveoli by diffusion down a concentration gradient ¹. Carbon dioxide is always carried in the blood and is released into alveolar air during expiration ¹. Respiratory gases move from higher concentration to lower concentration ¹. In alveolar air, when carbon dioxide is less than in blood, carbon dioxide is released ¹.
The other options are incorrect because they do not accurately describe the process by which most of the carbon dioxide from the blood moves into the alveoli. Passive transport using carrier proteins, active transport using energy, and conversion to carbon monoxide is not the processes responsible for moving most of the carbon dioxide from the blood into the alveoli.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
The parotid gland is an exocrine gland that secretes saliva into the mouth. Exocrine glands secrete their products into ducts that carry the secretions to the body's surface or into body cavities. The other options are endocrine glands, which secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream. The pineal gland secretes melatonin, the parathyroid glands secrete parathyroid hormone, and the pituitary gland secretes several hormones that regulate various bodily functions.
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