A 15-year-old boy is sent for diagnostic testing following symptoms of wheezing and coughing during outdoor football practice. The findings showed reversible airway obstruction secondary to bronchial hyperreactivity, airway inflammation, mucus plugging, and smooth muscle hypertrophy. Which of the following is most consistent with these findings?
Pneumonia
Asthma
Bronchitis
Sinusitis
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A reason: Pneumonia presents with infection-related symptoms and radiographic changes, not reversible airway obstruction or hyperreactivity.
Choice B reason: Correct. Asthma is characterized by reversible airway obstruction, bronchial hyperreactivity, inflammation, and structural changes like smooth muscle hypertrophy, which matches this clinical picture.
Choice C reason: Bronchitis involves inflammation of the bronchi, often due to infection, and does not typically produce reversible airway obstruction or chronic airway changes.
Choice D reason: Sinusitis affects the sinuses, not the lower airways, and would not account for wheezing or bronchial hyperreactivity.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A reason: Massage therapy enhances circulation and lymphatic flow, which relieves muscle tension and promotes a sense of physical and mental relaxation, explaining the reduction in anxiety and improved well-being.
Choice B reason: This describes mechanisms more consistent with acupuncture or acupressure rather than massage.
Choice C reason: Reflexology or alternative energy-based modalities, not massage, are described by this explanation.
Choice D reason: Physiologic relaxation responses, such as heart rate and alpha wave changes, are associated with meditation or biofeedback rather than massage, though massage indirectly promotes relaxation.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A reason: HELLP syndrome is a severe form of preeclampsia characterized by Hemolysis, Elevated Liver enzymes, and Low Platelets. The patient’s lab values and clinical symptoms of right upper quadrant pain and chest tenderness are classic indicators of HELLP.
Choice B reason: Gestational diabetes involves hyperglycemia during pregnancy and does not typically present with liver enzyme elevations, hemolysis, or low platelets.
Choice C reason: Toxoplasmosis is an infectious condition that can affect the fetus but does not produce the constellation of maternal lab abnormalities seen here.
Choice D reason: Cytomegalovirus infection can cause systemic symptoms, but it does not explain the combination of preeclampsia, elevated liver enzymes, low platelets, and hemolysis.
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