A 2-year-old child with cerebral palsy demonstrates muscle spasticity, difficulty walking, and delayed motor milestones. Which of the following nursing Interventions is most appropriate?
Restrict the child's diet to low-calorie foods to prevent obesity
Encourage daily passive range-of-motion exercises
Avoid physical therapy until the child can walk independently
Promote strict bed rest to prevent fatigue
The Correct Answer is B
A. Restrict the child's diet to low-calorie foods to prevent obesity is incorrect because children with cerebral palsy are at risk for undernutrition due to feeding difficulties and increased energy expenditure from spasticity. Restricting calories could impair growth and development rather than prevent obesity, so diet should focus on balanced nutrition and adequate caloric intake.
B. Encourage daily passive range-of-motion exercises is correct because spasticity and limited mobility in cerebral palsy can lead to contractures and joint deformities. Daily passive range-of-motion exercises help maintain joint flexibility, prevent contractures, promote circulation, and support functional mobility, which are critical in early intervention for children with cerebral palsy.
C. Avoid physical therapy until the child can walk independently is incorrect because delaying therapy misses a critical window for neurodevelopmental intervention. Early and consistent physical therapy is essential to maximize motor function, improve strength, and prevent complications, regardless of the child’s ability to walk independently.
D. Promote strict bed rest to prevent fatigue is incorrect because immobilization exacerbates muscle stiffness, spasticity, and joint contractures. Children with cerebral palsy benefit from structured activity and therapy, even if it induces mild fatigue, as this promotes motor skill development and overall function.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is {"A":{"answers":"B"},"B":{"answers":"A"},"C":{"answers":"B"},"D":{"answers":"A"},"E":{"answers":"A"},"F":{"answers":"B"}}
Explanation
- Irregular, sporadic contractions: Characteristic of false labor; these contractions are inconsistent and do not lead to cervical changes.
- Contractions felt primarily in the lower back: True labor often presents with back pain that radiates to the abdomen.
- Contractions that subside with walking or hydration: False labor contractions often diminish with movement or hydration.
- Contractions that increase in intensity and frequency: True labor contractions become stronger, longer, and closer together over time.
- Cervical dilation and effacement occurring: True labor leads to progressive cervical changes.
- No cervical change after hours of contractions: Indicates false labor, as the cervix does not change despite contractions.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Smaller airway diameter and immature respiratory muscles is correct because infants and young children have narrower airways, making them more prone to obstruction from edema, mucus, or inflammation. Additionally, their respiratory muscles, including the intercostals, are underdeveloped, so they rely heavily on diaphragmatic breathing. These factors increase the risk of respiratory distress during illness or airway compromise.
B. More developed diaphragm and increased lung compliance is incorrect because infants have a less developed diaphragm and less compliant chest wall, not more. This makes breathing less efficient and increases susceptibility to fatigue and distress.
C. Larger airway diameter and more developed lung volume is incorrect because infants have smaller airway diameter and smaller lung volumes compared to adults, which contributes to rapid desaturation during respiratory compromise.
D. Larger alveolar surface area and stronger respiratory muscles is incorrect because infants have fewer alveoli and weaker respiratory muscles, which limits gas exchange and makes them more vulnerable to hypoxia.
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