A 29-year-old woman with a history of nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) presents to the PMHNP for a psychiatric evaluation. The PMHNP suspects she has borderline personality disorder. She denies current suicidal ideation but reports having suicidal "feelings" in the past. Which of the following tools will the PMHNP use to determine future suicide risk?

Patient Health Questionnaire 9 (PHQ-9)

Suicide Behaviors Questionnaire-Revised (SBQ-R)

Acquired Capability for Suicide Scale-Fearlessness about Death (ACSS-FAD)

Interpersonal Needs Questionnaire (INQ)

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Choice A reason: The PHQ-9 is a depression screening tool that includes one item on suicidal ideation. While useful for identifying depression and some suicide risk, it is not designed to assess comprehensive suicide risk, especially in individuals with borderline personality disorder.

Choice B reason: The SBQ-R is specifically designed to assess suicide risk. It evaluates lifetime suicidal ideation and attempts, frequency of ideation, threat of suicide, and self-reported likelihood of future suicidal behavior. It is validated for use in both clinical and non-clinical populations and is particularly useful in assessing risk in individuals with borderline personality disorder.

Choice C reason: The ACSS-FAD measures fearlessness about death, which is a component of the interpersonal theory of suicide. While it provides insight into one aspect of suicide risk, it does not assess overall risk or history of suicidal behavior.

Choice D reason: The INQ assesses perceived burdensomeness and thwarted belongingness, which are psychological states associated with suicide risk. However, it does not directly evaluate suicidal behavior or intent, making it less comprehensive than the SBQ-R.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A reason: This describes a utilitarian approach, where decisions are made to minimize harm or maximize benefit. It focuses on outcomes rather than the intrinsic morality of actions.

Choice B reason: This is a definition of consequentialism, which evaluates the morality of actions based on their results. It contrasts with deontology, which emphasizes duty and rules.

Choice C reason: Deontological ethics, rooted in the philosophy of Immanuel Kant, asserts that actions are morally right or wrong based on adherence to rules or duties, regardless of the consequences. It emphasizes the inherent morality of actions and the importance of acting according to ethical principles.

Choice D reason: This defines virtue ethics, which focuses on the character and virtues of the decision-maker rather than the action or its consequences. It is a separate ethical framework from deontology.

A. Korsakoff's syndrome B. Lewy body dementia C. Delirium D. Kuru

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A reason: Korsakoff’s syndrome is a chronic neuropsychiatric condition resulting from thiamine deficiency, most commonly associated with prolonged alcohol use. It is characterized by severe memory impairment, including both retrograde and anterograde amnesia, and confabulation—where the patient fills in memory gaps with fabricated stories. This clinical presentation matches the description provided.

Choice B reason: Lewy body dementia involves fluctuating cognition, visual hallucinations, and parkinsonian features. It does not typically present with confabulation or the specific memory deficits seen in Korsakoff’s syndrome.

Choice C reason: Delirium is an acute, fluctuating disturbance in attention and awareness, often reversible. It does not cause persistent amnesia or confabulation and is not consistent with the chronic nature of this patient’s symptoms.

Choice D reason: Kuru is a rare prion disease historically found in Papua New Guinea, associated with cannibalistic rituals. It presents with tremors and neurodegeneration but is not relevant to this case and does not involve confabulation or alcohol-related pathology.

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Which of the following most accurately defines deontological theory in ethics?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A 72-year-old woman with a longstanding history of alcohol use disorder is admitted to the geriatric behavioral unit. She has retrograde and anterograde amnesia, and she displays confabulation during her psychiatric evaluation. What diagnosis is most appropriate?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

In quantitative research, inferential statistics are numerical values that enable a researcher to reach conclusions that extend beyond the immediate data alone. Which inferential statistic tests the relationship between two variables?

A 49-year-old man with a known history of alcohol dependence and schizophrenia is brought to the psychiatric hospital because of frank delusions and visual hallucinations. Which of the following should be a diagnostic possibility for inclusion in the differential diagnosis?

When interpreting research findings, which of the following most closely describes the concept of internal validity?

Which of the following most accurately defines virtue ethics?

A 29-year-old married woman tells the PMHNP that she is not going to leave her abusive husband because he is really "a good man" deep down. "He was abused as a child and needs help. I just need to love him harder." This is an example of which defense mechanism?

A 27-year-old woman is admitted to a psychiatric unit for treatment-resistant depression. While there, she has a behavioral incident that prompts the staff to sedate her. After she awakens, she is told she received an electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) treatment. Which of her rights was violated?

The PMHNP is evaluating a new client, a 31-year-old woman with a history of substance use disorder. She was recently sober for 9 months, but just experienced a relapse. The PMHNP should refer her to which form of therapy for relapse prevention?

A PMHNP working in a busy, multipractitioner outpatient behavioral health clinic is asked to implement a routine suicide risk screening for all clients who present to the clinic. What is the first step the PMHNP should take to implement the change process?