A 34-year-old Hispanic woman who is 8 weeks pregnant presents to the nurse practitioner for a prenatal visit. Which of the following is primary prevention for reducing this patient's risk of developing coronary heart disease?
Take 81 mg of aspirin daily
Take omega-3 fatty acids daily
Enroll in a cardiac rehabilitation program
Avoid excessive weight gain during her pregnancy
The Correct Answer is D
Choice A reason: Low-dose aspirin is used primarily for preeclampsia prevention in pregnancy, not general primary prevention of coronary heart disease.
Choice B reason: Omega-3 fatty acids may have cardiovascular benefits but are not standard primary prevention strategies for coronary heart disease in pregnancy.
Choice C reason: Cardiac rehabilitation is a secondary prevention measure, used after cardiac events, not primary prevention.
Choice D reason: Correct. Avoiding excessive weight gain during pregnancy helps reduce long-term cardiovascular risk and supports metabolic health, making it a primary prevention strategy.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A reason: Simply not prescribing the medication does not address the mother’s concerns and may prevent the child from receiving needed treatment.
Choice B reason: Correct. Addressing the mother’s anxiety allows for clarification, education about ADHD medication, and shared decision-making, which improves adherence and outcomes.
Choice C reason: Continuing without addressing anxiety may leave the mother’s concerns unresolved and reduce her comfort with the treatment plan.
Choice D reason: Reassuring without explanation is dismissive and may undermine trust; it does not provide the mother with the understanding she needs.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A reason: While accurate, this approach is dismissive and may not address the parent's underlying fears, potentially leading to resistance.
Choice B reason: This approach uses fear-based messaging, which can create anxiety and reduce trust in the NP-parent relationship.
Choice C reason: This is correct. It acknowledges the parent’s concerns, educates about the risks of delaying vaccines, and emphasizes protective benefits in a respectful, informative manner. This approach fosters trust and increases the likelihood of adherence to vaccination schedules.
Choice D reason: This is inappropriate because it dismisses the parent’s concerns, could damage rapport, and does not provide education about the benefits or safety of vaccines.
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