A 43-year-old married man is admitted to an inpatient hospital for acute hepatitis. The PMHNP is consulted for a psychiatric evaluation after he admits to a long history of alcohol use beginning in college. He has gradually increased his nightly alcohol intake from a single 6-pack of beer to two 12-packs of beer, and his drinking has caused him to oversleep and miss work on occasion. He has had his wife phone in sick for him from time to time. He has tried to cut down on his drinking with little success. He admits he does have tremors and becomes anxious when he doesn't drink. Which diagnosis appears to be appropriate for this patient, based on this information?
Alcohol dependence
Alcohol use disorder, mild
Alcohol use disorder, moderate
Alcohol use disorder, severe
The Correct Answer is D
Choice A reason: "Alcohol dependence" is an outdated term replaced by "alcohol use disorder" in DSM-5. While it reflects chronic use, it lacks the diagnostic precision of the current classification.
Choice B reason: Mild alcohol use disorder involves 2–3 DSM-5 criteria. This patient meets significantly more: tolerance, withdrawal, unsuccessful attempts to cut down, continued use despite problems, and interference with responsibilities.
Choice C reason: Moderate alcohol use disorder involves 4–5 criteria. This patient exceeds that threshold, indicating a more severe pattern.
Choice D reason: Severe alcohol use disorder is diagnosed when 6 or more DSM-5 criteria are met. This patient demonstrates tolerance, withdrawal, impaired control, neglect of responsibilities, continued use despite harm, and deception (having his wife call in sick), meeting the criteria for severe classification.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A reason: Beneficence refers to the ethical obligation to act in ways that promote the well-being of others. It emphasizes doing good and preventing harm but does not specifically address loyalty or truthfulness.
Choice B reason: Justice is the principle of fairness and equality in care delivery. It ensures that all patients are treated impartially but does not encompass loyalty or faithfulness.
Choice C reason: Respect involves honoring the dignity, autonomy, and rights of individuals. While it is a core ethical value, it does not specifically refer to being loyal or faithful.
Choice D reason: Fidelity is the ethical principle that emphasizes faithfulness, loyalty, and keeping promises. In nursing, it means being true to the commitments made to patients, maintaining trust, and upholding confidentiality. It directly reflects the concept of being true and loyal.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A reason: ANOVA is used to compare means across three or more groups to determine if there are statistically significant differences. It does not test the relationship between two variables but rather differences among group means.
Choice B reason: A t-test compares the means of two groups to determine if they are statistically different. It is useful for hypothesis testing but does not measure the strength or direction of a relationship between two continuous variables.
Choice C reason: The p-value indicates the probability that the observed results occurred by chance. It is a component of hypothesis testing but not a statistic that directly measures relationships between variables.
Choice D reason: Pearson’s r correlation coefficient measures the strength and direction of the linear relationship between two continuous variables. It ranges from -1 to +1 and is the most appropriate inferential statistic for testing relationships between two variables.
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