A 65-year-old patient is admitted to the hospital with complaints of decreased urine output, fatigue, and swelling in the legs. Which of the following clinical cues is most indicative of acute kidney injury?
Increased appetite
Elevated serum creatinine levels
Hyperglycemia
Increased urine output
The Correct Answer is B
A. Increased appetite: Not typical in AKI; anorexia is more common.
B. Elevated serum creatinine levels: A hallmark of AKI, indicating reduced kidney filtration capacity.
C. Hyperglycemia: Not a direct indicator of AKI, though may occur in diabetics.
D. Increased urine output: AKI is typically oliguric (low urine output) or anuric in early phases.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Hypomagnesemia: Magnesium levels are typically elevated in AKI due to reduced excretion.
B. Decreased creatinine level: Creatinine rises during the oliguric phase due to decreased filtration.
C. Hyperkalemia: Potassium accumulates in the blood during oliguria due to impaired excretion.
D. Increased glomerular filtration rate (GFR): GFR is decreased in AKI.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Bradycardia: Peritonitis is usually associated with tachycardia, not bradycardia.
B. Nausea and vomiting: These are common early signs of peritonitis, often accompanied by abdominal pain and fever.
C. Increased urinary output: Clients with peritoneal dialysis often have reduced kidney function, so urine output is generally decreased, not increased.
D. Hyperactive bowel sounds: Bowel sounds are usually diminished or hypoactive in peritonitis due to inflammation.
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