A charge nurse is conducting an in-service for new nursing graduates on the unit. Upon reviewing physiology of the kidneys, the nurse should include which of the following as functions of the kidneys? Select ALL that apply.
(Select All that Apply.)

Stimulate production of androgens

Stimulate production of white blood cells

Excrete various drugs and drug metabolites

Produce urine

Regulate acid/base balance

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : C,D,E

A. Stimulate production of androgens: The kidneys do not stimulate androgen production. Androgens are produced primarily by the adrenal glands and gonads.

B. Stimulate production of white blood cells: The kidneys do not stimulate white blood cell production. This is mainly a function of the bone marrow.

C. Excrete various drugs and drug metabolites: The kidneys play a key role in filtering and excreting drugs and drug metabolites, helping to remove them from the body.

D. Produce urine: The primary function of the kidneys is to filter blood and produce urine, which is then excreted to remove waste products and maintain fluid balance.

E. Regulate acid/base balance: The kidneys are essential in maintaining acid-base balance by excreting hydrogen ions and reabsorbing bicarbonate, which helps regulate the pH level in the body.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Distribution of protein: While protein distribution may be affected in kidney disease, it is not a primary function of the kidneys.

B. Filtration of the blood: The kidneys are responsible for filtering waste products and excess substances from the blood. In kidney failure, this filtration process is impaired, leading to the accumulation of toxins in the body.

C. Metabolism of medications: Although the kidneys do play a role in drug excretion, drug metabolism primarily occurs in the liver. Kidney failure may affect the excretion phase.

D. Ability to hold urine: While kidney failure can affect urinary function, the ability to hold urine is primarily a bladder function, not directly a function of the kidneys.

A. Tachycardia B. Constipation C. Oliguria D. Drowsiness

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Tachycardia: Theophylline can cause tachycardia as a side effect due to its stimulant properties.

B. Constipation: While gastrointestinal effects can occur, constipation is not a common or significant adverse effect of theophylline.

C. Oliguria: Theophylline is more likely to cause diuresis rather than oliguria.

D. Drowsiness: Theophylline typically causes stimulation rather than sedation, leading to increased alertness rather than drowsiness.

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A charge nurse is conducting an in-service for new nursing graduates on the unit. Upon reviewing physiology of the kidneys, the nurse should include which of the following as functions of the kidneys? Select ALL that apply. (Select All that Apply.)

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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Correct Answer is A

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A charge nurse is conducting an in-service for new nursing graduates on the unit. Upon reviewing physiology of the kidneys, the nurse should include which of the following as functions of the kidneys? Select ALL that apply.
(Select All that Apply.)