A child is diagnosed with acquired aplastic anemia. The nurse knows that this child has the best prognosis with which treatment regimen?
Immunosuppressive therapy.
Chemotherapy.
Bone marrow transplantation.
Blood transfusions.
The Correct Answer is C
Rationale:
A. Immunosuppressive therapy:This is a common treatment for aplastic anemia when a matched donor is unavailable, especially in older children and adults. However, it is less curative and carries a higher risk of relapse compared to bone marrow transplantation.
B. Chemotherapy: Chemotherapy is not the primary treatment for aplastic anemia. It is mainly used in malignancies. In some cases, chemotherapy may precede transplantation or be part of immunosuppressive therapy, but it is not curative alone.
C. Bone marrow transplantation: This is the treatment of choice and offers the best prognosis, particularly in children with a matched sibling donor. It provides a potential cure by replacing the defective marrow with healthy stem cells.
D. Blood transfusions: Transfusions manage symptoms and prevent complications like anemia or bleeding but do not treat the underlying cause. Long-term use increases the risk of iron overload and alloimmunization.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Self-description of pain: Pain assessment is important in general care but is not directly related to assessing for obstructive sleep apnea. OSAS is more concerned with sleep patterns, airway obstruction, and associated risk factors like weight and anatomy rather than pain.
B. Body mass index: BMI is a key factor in determining OSAS risk. Obesity, especially central adiposity, contributes to pharyngeal narrowing and increased airway resistance during sleep. A high BMI is one of the most significant predictors of obstructive sleep apnea.
C. Level of consciousness: While decreased alertness can result from sleep deprivation caused by OSAS, it is a non-specific finding. It may support further evaluation but does not directly assess the risk for OSAS or its underlying causes.
D. Breath sounds: Although breath sounds can reveal lung pathology, they typically remain normal in OSAS unless another respiratory condition is present. They are not the most important assessment for evaluating sleep-disordered breathing risk.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Position the infant in a supine position while sleeping: Placing infants on their backs to sleep is the single most effective and evidence-based method for reducing the risk of SIDS. This recommendation is central to all safe sleep guidelines and should be emphasized as the most critical point in parent education.
B. Keep a bulb syringe accessible for use for an infant: While helpful for managing nasal or oral secretions, having a bulb syringe nearby does not directly prevent SIDS. It is supportive care but not a core preventive measure.
C. Remove pillows and soft toys from the crib at bedtime: This is an important secondary recommendation to reduce suffocation risks. However, it complements but does not replace the significance of proper sleep positioning in SIDS prevention.
D. Do not prop bottles for an infant during naps and bedtime: Bottle propping increases the risk of aspiration and ear infections but is not directly related to SIDS. It is an unsafe practice, but not the most important intervention for SIDS prevention.
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