A child is diagnosed with juvenile hypothyroidism. The nurse should expect to assess which symptoms are associated with hypothyroidism. (Select all that apply.).

Weight loss

Sleepiness or Fatigue

Diarrhea

Puffiness around the eyes

Limited hair growth

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : B,D

Sleepiness or fatigue and puffiness around the eyes are symptoms associated with hypothyroidism. Hypothyroidism is a condition where the thyroid gland does not produce enough thyroid hormones, which regulate the body’s metabolism and energy levels.

Choice A is wrong because weight loss is more likely to occur in hyperthyroidism, a condition where the thyroid gland produces too much thyroid hormones.

Choice C is wrong because diarrhea is also more likely to occur in hyperthyroidism, as the excess thyroid hormones speed up the digestive system.

Choice E is wrong because limited hair growth is not a specific symptom of hypothyroidism. Hair loss or thinning may occur in both hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism, depending on the severity and duration of the condition.

Normal ranges for thyroid hormones are:

TSH: 0.4 to 4.0 mIU/L
T3: 100 to 200 ng/dL
T4: 4.5 to 11.2 mcg/dL

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A brilliant, uniform red reflex in both eyes is a sign of a healthy retina and optic nerve. The red reflex is the reflection of light from the retina that varies in color depending on the patient’s skin tone. It can be seen by holding the ophthalmoscope directly in front of your eye and asking the patient to focus on a point in the distance.

Choice B is wrong because an abnormal finding would be an absent or asymmetric red reflex, which could indicate cataracts, retinal detachment, or other eye diseases.

Choice C is wrong because a possible visual defect would not affect the red reflex, but rather the visual acuity or field of vision of the patient.

A vision screening would involve testing the patient’s ability to read letters or numbers at different distances.

Choice D is wrong because small hemorrhages would not cause a brilliant, uniform red reflex, but rather dark spots or blotches on the retina that can be seen with the ophthalmoscope.

Hemorrhages can be caused by diabetes, hypertension, or trauma.

A. It is a less expensive method of testing B. It is not as accurate as laboratory testing C. Children need to learn to manage their diabetes D. The parents are better able to manage the disease

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

This is because self-monitoring of blood glucose allows children to learn how their blood sugar levels change in response to different factors such as food, exercise, stress, and medication.

It also helps them to adjust their insulin doses and dietary intake accordingly. Self-monitoring of blood glucose can improve glycemic control and reduce the risk of complications.

Choice A is wrong because it is not a less expensive method of testing.

Self-monitoring of blood glucose requires a glucose meter, test strips, lancets, and a logbook, which can be costly for some families.

Choice B is wrong because it is not less accurate than laboratory testing.

Self-monitoring of blood glucose can provide accurate and reliable results if done correctly and regularly.

Laboratory testing is usually done periodically to measure the average blood sugar level over the past 2 to 3 months (hemoglobin A1c).

Choice D is wrong because it implies that the parents are not involved in the child’s diabetes management.

Parents should still provide support and guidance to their children with diabetes, especially when they are young or newly diagnosed. Parents should also monitor their child’s blood glucose levels and help them with insulin administration if needed.

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A child is diagnosed with juvenile hypothyroidism. The nurse should expect to assess which symptoms are associated with hypothyroidism. (Select all that apply.).​​​​​​

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

During a funduscopic examination of a school-age child, the nurse notes a brilliant, uniform red reflex in both eyes. The nurse should recognize that this is:.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A parent asks the nurse why self-monitoring of blood glucose is being recommended for her child with diabetes. The nurse should base the explanation on what information?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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A child is diagnosed with juvenile hypothyroidism. The nurse should expect to assess which symptoms are associated with hypothyroidism. (Select all that apply.).