The cheese-like, whitish substance that fuses with the epidermis and serves as a protective coating is called:
Vernix caseosa
Surfactant
Caput succedaneum
Acrocyanosis
The Correct Answer is A
Vernix caseosa is a cheese-like, whitish substance that fuses with the epidermis and serves as a protective coating for the newborn.
Some possible explanations for the other choices are:
- Choice B. Surfactant is a protein that lines the alveoli of the infant’s lungs and helps prevent them from collapsing.
- Choice C. Caput succedaneum is a swelling of the tissue over the presenting part of the fetal head caused by pressure during delivery.
- Choice D. Acrocyanosis is a bluish discoloration of the hands and feet due to reduced peripheral circulation.
Normal ranges for vernix caseosa are not applicable as it varies depending on the gestational age and skin maturity of the newborn. However, it is usually more abundant in preterm infants than in term or post-term infants.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["A","B"]
Explanation
Pitocin and Methergine are both medications used to manage postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) by causing the uterus to contract and reduce bleeding. Pitocin is the most effective and preferred medication for PPH prevention and treatment.
Choice C is wrong because Terbutaline is a medication that relaxes the uterus and is used to stop preterm labor, not PPH.
Choice D is wrong because Hemabate is a brand name for carboprost, which is a prostaglandin that can be used for PPH, but it has more side effects and contraindications than Pitocin or Methergine.
Choice E is wrong because Magnesium sulfate is a medication that prevents seizures in women with preeclampsia or eclampsia, not PPH.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
This pattern is called periodic breathing and it is characterized by 5 to 10 seconds of respiratory pauses followed by 10 to 15 seconds of compensatory rapid respiration. It is a normal phenomenon that occurs primarily in premature infants of more than 24 hours of age. It is usually not of pathologic significance and does not require intervention.
Choice A is wrong because sleep or wakeful apnea is defined as a cessation of breathing for more than 20 seconds or less than 20 seconds with bradycardia or cyanosis.
Choice B is wrong because severe swings in blood pressure are not associated with periodic breathing, but rather with intraventricular hemorrhage or patent ductus arteriosus.
Choice C is wrong because trying to maintain a neutral thermal environment does not affect the respiratory pattern of premature infants.
Normal ranges for respiratory rate in premature infants are 40 to 60 breaths per minute. Normal ranges for oxygen saturation in premature infants are 88% to 92%.
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