A child with a seizure disorder has been having episodes during which she drops her pencil and appears to be daydreaming. This most likely is a:
Simple spasm seizure.
Absence seizure.
Non-epileptic seizure.
Akinetic seizure.
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A reason: Simple spasm seizures involve brief muscle contractions, not daydreaming-like episodes. These seizures, seen in conditions like infantile spasms, cause sudden jerking movements, unlike the brief staring spells of absence seizures, which align with the described pencil-dropping and unresponsiveness.
Choice B reason: Absence seizures cause brief episodes of unresponsiveness, often with staring, lasting seconds, resembling daydreaming. Common in children, they involve generalized epileptiform activity in the brain, interrupting attention, leading to actions like dropping objects, with rapid return to normal activity.
Choice C reason: Non-epileptic seizures are psychogenic, triggered by stress, not neurological dysfunction. They may mimic seizures but lack epileptiform brain activity. The described brief, stereotypical episodes suggest a neurological cause, like absence seizures, rather than a psychological origin.
Choice D reason: Akinetic seizures cause sudden loss of muscle tone, leading to falls, not just dropping objects with a daydreaming appearance. These seizures involve brief atonic episodes, differing from the staring and unresponsiveness characteristic of absence seizures in the described scenario.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A reason: Explaining the insulin injection in simple terms reduces fear and anxiety, promoting psychological comfort in pediatric diabetes care. Atraumatic care emphasizes emotional preparation, helping the child understand the procedure, which minimizes stress and enhances coping, improving long-term treatment adherence.
Choice B reason: Using a larger needle increases pain and tissue trauma, contradicting atraumatic care principles. Smaller, finer needles are standard for insulin injections to minimize discomfort, as larger needles cause more tissue disruption, increasing anxiety and pain in pediatric patients.
Choice C reason: Asking the child to look away may reduce visual anxiety but does not address emotional preparation. Atraumatic care prioritizes active engagement and understanding, like explaining the procedure, to empower the child, rather than passive distraction, which has limited long-term benefit.
Choice D reason: Administering the injection quickly reduces duration but not overall trauma. Atraumatic care involves psychological preparation and gentle technique, not just speed. Rushing risks improper administration or increased fear, whereas explaining the process fosters trust and reduces anxiety in children.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A reason: Contact precautions are used for infections like MRSA, spread by direct touch. Measles is transmitted via airborne droplet nuclei, not skin contact. Contact precautions would not prevent the spread of measles, as they do not address the respiratory transmission route of the virus.
Choice B reason: Droplet precautions are for infections like influenza, spread by larger respiratory droplets. Measles spreads via smaller airborne particles that remain suspended, requiring stricter airborne precautions. Droplet measures are insufficient to prevent transmission in shared air spaces over longer distances.
Choice C reason: A protective environment is used for immunocompromised patients, like those undergoing transplants, to prevent infection. Measles requires precautions to protect others from the patient, not vice versa, making this inappropriate. It does not address the airborne transmission of the measles virus.
Choice D reason: Measles, caused by the rubeola virus, spreads via airborne droplet nuclei, which can remain suspended for hours. Airborne precautions, including negative-pressure rooms and N95 masks, prevent transmission by containing infectious particles, protecting healthcare workers and other patients from this highly contagious virus.
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