A child with severe anemia requires a unit of red blood cells (RBCs). The nurse explains to the child that the transfusion is necessary to:

help her body stop bleeding by forming a clot

Fight the infection that she now has

Increase her energy so she will not be so tired

allows her parents to come visit her

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

Severe anemia is a condition characterized by a significant decrease in the number of red blood cells or hemoglobin in the blood, leading to reduced oxygen-carrying capacity. This can result in fatigue, weakness, and shortness of breath in the affected individual.

A red blood cell transfusion is given to a child with severe anemia to increase the number of red blood cells and, consequently, the hemoglobin level in the blood. This helps improve oxygen delivery to tissues and organs, which can lead to increased energy levels and reduced fatigue.

Option A is incorrect because red blood cell transfusion is not given to help the body stop bleeding by forming a clot. Platelets are responsible for clot formation, not red blood cells.

Option B is incorrect because a red blood cell transfusion is not used to fight infections. White blood cells and the immune system are responsible for fighting infections.

Option D is incorrect because a red blood cell transfusion is not given to allow her parents to come to visit her. Transfusions are medical treatments to address specific medical conditions and are not related to visitation rights.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

In an infant with a history of vomiting and fever, body weight is the most reliable indicator of fluid loss. Monitoring the infant's weight over time can help assess the degree of dehydration and guide the appropriate fluid replacement therapy. A significant decrease in body weight suggests significant fluid loss.

Option A: Skin integrity is important to assess for signs of dehydration, but it is not as reliable as body weight in determining the extent of fluid loss.
Option B: Respiratory rate can be affected by various factors and is not a direct indicator of fluid loss.
Option D: Blood pressure is not the most reliable indicator of fluid loss in an infant with dehydration. In severe cases of dehydration, blood pressure can drop, but it is not as sensitive as body weight in assessing the extent of fluid loss.

Correct Answer is ["1250"]

Explanation

To calculate the daily fluid requirements for a child, you typically use the Holliday-Segar method, which provides guidelines based on the child's weight:

For the first 10 kg of body weight, you give 100 ml per kg.
For the second 10 kg of body weight, you give 50 ml per kg.
For any weight above 20 kg, you give 20 ml per kg.

First, convert the child's weight from pounds to kilograms. To do this, divide the weight in pounds by 2.2.

For a child weighing 33 pounds:

The weight in kilograms is approximately 15 kg (33 divided by 2.2).

Now, calculate the fluid requirement:

For the first 10 kg of the child's weight, you need 1000 ml (10 kg multiplied by 100 ml).
For the remaining 5 kg, you need 250 ml (5 kg multiplied by 50 ml).

Adding these together, the total daily fluid requirement is 1250 ml.

So, the daily fluid requirement for a child weighing 33 pounds is 1250 ml.

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A child with severe anemia requires a unit of red blood cells (RBCs). The nurse explains to the child that the transfusion is necessary to:

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse in an emergency department is caring for an infant who has a 2-day history of vomiting and an elevated temperature. Which of the following should the nurse recognize as the most reliable indicator of fluid loss?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Calculate the daily fluid requirements for a child weighing 33 pounds in ml. Note: Do not use a label and round to a whole number.

Correct Answer is ["1250"]

Explanation

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