A client has a new prescription for montelukast.
What information should the practical nurse (PN) include when reinforcing the client’s teaching?
Montelukast will increase the production of mucus in the lungs.
The medication will prophylactically limit the inflammatory response to allergens.
The medication will contract the smooth muscles located in the respiratory tract.
Montelukast will help repair damaged tissue in the base of the lungs.
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A rationale
Montelukast does not increase the production of mucus in the lungs. In fact, it helps to reduce inflammation and may be used to prevent asthma attacks.
Choice B rationale
Montelukast is a leukotriene modifier that helps to reduce inflammation and prevent asthma attacks and exercise-induced bronchoconstriction. It works by blocking the action of leukotriene D4 in the lungs resulting in decreased inflammation and relaxation of smooth muscle. This prophylactic limitation of the inflammatory response to allergens is a key function of montelukast.
Choice C rationale
Montelukast does not contract the smooth muscles located in the respiratory tract. Instead, it helps to relax the smooth muscles in the lungs, reducing inflammation and making it easier to breathe.
Choice D rationale
Montelukast does not directly repair damaged tissue in the base of the lungs. Its primary function is to prevent and manage symptoms of asthma and allergies by reducing inflammation in the airways.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A rationale
The patient is receiving a nucleoside/nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI) for HIV
treatment and reports experiencing malaise, fatigue, and anorexia. These symptoms, along
with the observed increased respiratory rate, could be indicative of liver toxicity, a known
potential side effect of NRTIs. Therefore, reviewing liver function tests would be most
important in this case.
Choice B rationale
While arterial blood gases can provide valuable information about a patient’s respiratory
status, they may not be the most relevant in this context. The patient’s symptoms and the side
effect profile of NRTIs suggest that liver function may be a more pressing concern.
Choice C rationale
A complete blood count (CBC) can provide a broad overview of a patient’s general health, but it
may not provide the specific information needed to assess the patient’s current symptoms and
potential medication side effects.
Choice D rationale
A basic metabolic panel can provide information about a patient’s kidney function, electrolyte
levels, and blood sugar levels, among other things. However, given the patient’s symptoms and
medication regimen, liver function tests may be more relevant.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Metronidazole is an antibiotic used to treat various infections. Seizure activity is a serious side effect of metronidazole and should be reported to the charge nurse immediately.
Choice B rationale
While headache is a common side effect of metronidazole, it is not as serious as seizure activity and does not necessarily need to be reported to the charge nurse unless it is severe or persistent.
Choice C rationale
A metallic taste in the mouth is a common side effect of metronidazole. It is not a serious side effect and does not need to be reported to the charge nurse.
Choice D rationale
Abdominal cramping can be a side effect of metronidazole. However, it is not as serious as seizure activity and does not necessarily need to be reported to the charge nurse unless it is severe or persistent.
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