A client is admitted with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA).
The nurse should anticipate administering which of the following intravenous fluids (Select all that apply).
0.45% sodium chloride solution.
0.9% sodium chloride solution.
5% dextrose in water solution.
Lactated Ringer’s solution.
Regular insulin infusion.
Correct Answer : A,B,E
The nurse should anticipate administering 0.9% sodium chloride solution and regular insulin infusion to a client with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA).
Choice A is wrong because 0.45% sodium chloride solution is a hypotonic fluid that can cause cerebral edema in DKA patients.
Choice C is wrong because 5% dextrose in water solution can increase blood glucose levels and worsen hyperglycemia in DKA patients.
Choice D is wrong because lactated Ringer’s solution contains lactate, which can be converted to bicarbonate and cause metabolic alkalosis in DKA patients.
Normal ranges for blood glucose, pH, bicarbonate, and ketones are as follows3: Blood glucose: 70-130 mg/dL before meals, and less than 180 mg/dL after meals pH: 7.35-7.45
Bicarbonate: 22-26 mEq/L Ketones: negative or trace
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["23"]
Explanation
The correct answer is 22.5 mL.
To find the amount of mL, use the formula: (desired dose / available dose) x available volume.
In this case, desired dose = 30 mEq, available dose = 20 mEq, and available volume = 15 mL.
Plug these values into the formula: (30 mEq / 20 mEq) x 15 mL = 22.5 mL.
However, since the instructions say to round to the nearest whole number for adult clients, the final answer is 23 mL.
Correct Answer is ["B","C","D"]
Explanation
Hypercalcemia is a condition in which the calcium level in the blood is above normal.
This can cause various symptoms, such as confusion, constipation, and bradycardia (slow heart rate).
These are the clinical manifestations that the nurse would expect to observe in a client with hypercalcemia.
Choice A is wrong because muscle spasms are not a common symptom of hypercalcemia.
In fact, hypercalcemia can cause muscle weakness and pain.
Choice E is wrong because polyuria (excessive urination) is not a direct symptom of hypercalcemia, but rather a result of kidney problems caused by hypercalcemia.
Hypercalcemia can make the kidneys work harder to filter the excess calcium, leading to dehydration and thirst.
However, this does not necessarily mean that the client will have polyuria.
Normal ranges for calcium levels in the blood are 8.5 to 10.2 mg/dL (milligrams per deciliter) or 2.1 to 2.6 mmol/L (millimoles per liter).
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