The nurse is assessing a client with hypocalcemia.
What clinical manifestation would the nurse expect to note in this client?
Positive Trousseau's sign.
Hyperactive deep tendon reflexes.
Hyperactive bowel sounds.
Muscle twitching.
The Correct Answer is A
Trousseau’s sign is a test for hypocalcemia that involves inflating a blood pressure cuff on the arm and observing for carpal spasm. A positive sign indicates low calcium levels in the blood, which can cause neuromuscular irritability.
Choice B is wrong because hyperactive deep tendon reflexes are a sign of hypomagnesemia, which is a low level of magnesium in the blood.
Choice C is wrong because hyperactive bowel sounds are a sign of hyperkalemia, which is a high level of potassium in the blood.
Choice D is wrong because muscle twitching can be caused by many factors, such as anxiety, caffeine, or electrolyte imbalance, and is not specific to hypocalcemia.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Acute renal injury (ARI) is a term for a reversible syndrome that results in decreased glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and oliguria. GFR is a measure of how well the kidneys filter blood and oliguria is a condition of producing less than normal amounts of urine.
Choice B is wrong because chronic renal injury (CRI) is not a reversible syndrome, but a progressive loss of kidney function over months or years.
Choice C is wrong because end-stage renal disease (ESRD) is not a reversible syndrome, but a condition where the kidneys have lost most or all of their function and dialysis or transplantation is required.
Choice D is wrong because acute tubular necrosis (ATN) is not a term for a syndrome, but a specific type of acute kidney injury that involves damage to the tubules, the part of the nephron that reabsorbs water and solutes from the filtrate.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Hyponatremia is a condition where sodium levels in your blood are lower than normal. This can cause symptoms such as nausea, headache, confusion, muscle weakness and seizures. A hypertonic saline solution is a fluid that has a higher concentration of sodium than normal blood. It can help restore the sodium balance and prevent or treat the complications of hyponatremia.
Choice A is wrong because restricting fluid intake may not be enough to correct severe hyponatremia and may worsen the symptoms if the cause is sodium loss.
Choice C is wrong because encouraging increased fluid intake may further dilute the sodium levels and worsen the condition.
Choice D is wrong because administering a loop diuretic may increase the urine output and cause more sodium loss, leading to more severe hyponatremia.
Normal ranges for blood sodium levels are between 135 and 145 milliequivalents per liter (mEq/L).
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