A client is in a motor vehicle accident with a severe kidney injury and develops acute renal failure. Which acid-base imbalance is most likely to develop?

Respiratory Acidosis

Metabolic Alkalosis

Respiratory Alkalosis

Metabolic acidosis

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A. Respiratory Acidosis: Respiratory acidosis results from inadequate ventilation leading to CO₂ retention, which is unrelated to kidney failure.

B. Metabolic Alkalosis: Metabolic alkalosis occurs due to excessive loss of acids (e.g., vomiting) or excess bicarbonate intake. Acute renal failure causes acid retention, not loss.

C. Respiratory Alkalosis: Respiratory alkalosis is caused by hyperventilation and excessive CO₂ loss, not renal dysfunction.

D. Metabolic acidosis: The kidneys play a vital role in acid-base balance by excreting hydrogen ions and reabsorbing bicarbonate. Acute renal failure impairs these functions, leading to acid retention and metabolic acidosis.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Request a neurological consult: This is likely a metabolic issue (hypocalcemia), not a neurological disorder.

B. Have another nurse take their blood pressure: Rechecking BP does not address the underlying cause of the abnormal movement.

C. Review the client's lab values: Carpopedal spasm (Trousseau's sign) during BP measurement suggests hypocalcemia. The nurse should check serum calcium levels to confirm.

D. Call the healthcare provider for orders: The nurse should first review lab results to provide accurate data when notifying the provider.

A. Abdomen rigid with decreased bowel sounds B. Glucose 220mg/d C. No dialysis for 24 hours D. Crackles throughout the lungs E. WBC 17,000 mm3 F. Hemoglobin 10g/dL G. Potassium 7mEq/L H. Creatinine 3 mg/dL

Correct Answer is ["A","B","D","E","G"]

Explanation

A. Abdomen rigid with decreased bowel sounds: A rigid, tender abdomen suggests peritonitis, a life-threatening complication of peritoneal dialysis requiring immediate intervention.

B. Glucose 220 mg/Dl: Elevated glucose is concerning but not immediately life-threatening compared to the other findings.

C. No dialysis for 24 hours: Missing dialysis leads to toxin accumulation, hyperkalemia, and fluid overload, all of which can be life-threatening.

D. Crackles throughout the lungs: Fluid overload can cause pulmonary edema, leading to respiratory distress. Immediate intervention is needed to prevent respiratory failure.

E. WBC 17,000 mm³: Leukocytosis suggests infection, possibly peritonitis, which requires urgent antibiotic therapy.

F. Hemoglobin 10 g/dL: Mild anemia is expected in CKD and not an emergency.

G. Potassium 7 mEq/L: Severe hyperkalemia is a medical emergency due to the risk of life-threatening cardiac arrhythmias.

H. Creatinine 3 mg/dl: Creatinine is chronically elevated in CKD and not an acute concern.

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A client is in a motor vehicle accident with a severe kidney injury and develops acute renal failure. Which acid-base imbalance is most likely to develop?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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Correct Answer is ["A","B","D","E","G"]

Explanation

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