A client with a history of lung disease is at risk for developing respiratory acidosis. The nurse should anticipate to assess which signs and symptoms to indicate respiratory acidosis?

Bradypnea, dizziness, and paresthesia

Bradycardia and hyperactivity

Headache, restlessness and confusion.

Irritability and seizures

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A. Bradypnea, dizziness, and paresthesia: Bradypnea is associated with CO₂ retention, but paresthesia (tingling sensations) is more common in alkalosis due to calcium shifts.

B. Bradycardia and hyperactivity: Bradycardia can occur in severe acidosis, but hyperactivity is not a typical sign.

C. Headache, restlessness, and confusion: Respiratory acidosis occurs when CO₂ retention leads to cerebral vasodilation, increasing intracranial pressure and causing headache, restlessness, and confusion.

D. Irritability and seizures: Seizures are more common in severe alkalosis due to neuronal hyperexcitability.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Chloride level would be decreased: Metabolic alkalosis is often associated with hypochloremia, especially when caused by vomiting or diuretics. However, hypokalemia is more clinically significant.

B. Sodium level would be elevated: Sodium levels are not directly affected by metabolic alkalosis.

C. Magnesium level would be elevated: Magnesium levels are not significantly altered in metabolic alkalosis.

D. Potassium level would be decreased: A bicarbonate level of 30 mEq/L indicates metabolic alkalosis. In alkalosis, hydrogen ions shift out of the cells, and potassium moves into the cells, leading to hypokalemia.

A. Administer supplemental oxygen B. Secure precautions C. Cardiac monitoring D. Initiating a fluid restriction

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Administer supplemental oxygen: Hypokalemia primarily affects cardiac and neuromuscular function, not oxygenation. Oxygen may be needed if dysrhythmias develop but is not the highest priority.

B. Seizure precautions: While severe hypokalemia can cause muscle weakness, seizures are not the primary concern. Cardiac effects take priority.

C. Cardiac monitoring: A potassium level of 2.2 mEq/L is critically low, increasing the risk of life-threatening cardiac arrhythmias. Continuous cardiac monitoring helps detect dangerous dysrhythmias like ventricular tachycardia.

D. Initiating a fluid restriction: Fluid restriction is more relevant for hyperkalemia or fluid overload, not hypokalemia.

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A client with a history of lung disease is at risk for developing respiratory acidosis. The nurse should anticipate to assess which signs and symptoms to indicate respiratory acidosis?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse is looking at a set of ABG's and notices a bicarbonate level of 30. What other change would the nurse expect to see in their lab values?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

The client's potassium level is 2.2 What nursing action has the highest priority?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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