A client is prescribed a proton pump inhibitor. The nurse knows that which of the following is the primary mechanism of action of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs)?
They block histamine H2 receptors on parietal cells.
They inhibit the H+/K+ ATPase enzyme in gastric parietal cells.
They neutralize gastric acid directly.
They increase gastric mucus production
The Correct Answer is B
A. They block histamine H2 receptors on parietal cells.: H2 receptor blockers, such as ranitidine or famotidine, work by inhibiting histamine-stimulated acid secretion. PPIs target the final step of acid production rather than receptor activity.
B. They inhibit the H+/K+ ATPase enzyme in gastric parietal cells.: Proton pump inhibitors block the H+/K+ ATPase (proton pump) in the parietal cells of the stomach. This action irreversibly prevents the secretion of hydrogen ions into the gastric lumen, leading to a profound and long-lasting reduction in gastric acid production.
C. They neutralize gastric acid directly.: Antacids, not PPIs, act by chemically neutralizing existing stomach acid. PPIs do not have an immediate neutralizing effect but reduce acid secretion over time.
D. They increase gastric mucus production: PPIs do not directly increase gastric mucus secretion. Protective mechanisms like mucus production are enhanced by other agents, such as prostaglandin analogs, but are not the primary action of PPIs.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["63"]
Explanation
Total Volume: 500 mL
Total Time: 8 hours
Calculate the infusion rate in milliliters per hour (mL/hr).
Infusion rate (mL/hr) = Total volume (mL) / Total time (hr)
= 500 mL / 8 hr
= 62.5 mL/hr.
Round the answer to the nearest whole number.
= 63 mL/hr.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Impotence.: Cimetidine, an H2 receptor antagonist, can cause endocrine-related adverse effects such as impotence, decreased libido, and gynecomastia in men. Cimetidine can block androgen receptors and increase prolactin levels, altering normal hormonal balance.
B. Hair growth.: Cimetidine does not promote hair growth. Excessive hair growth (hirsutism) is unrelated to H2 blockers and is more commonly associated with hormonal imbalances or specific endocrine disorders rather than this medication.
C. Priapism.: Prolonged, painful erection (priapism) is not a known side effect of cimetidine. It is more often associated with certain psychiatric medications or erectile dysfunction drugs that affect vascular blood flow.
D. Hypersecretion of stomach acid.: Cimetidine decreases, not increases, gastric acid production by blocking histamine receptors in the stomach lining. It is used to treat peptic ulcer disease, GERD, and gastritis by reducing acid secretion and promoting mucosal healing.
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