A client receives a prescription for cefaclor suspension 325 mg by mouth every 8 hours. The bottle is labeled, "Cefaclor for Oral Suspension, USP 375 mg per 5 mL." How many mL should the practical nurse (PN) administer? (Enter numerical value only. If rounding is required, round to the nearest tenth.)

A. Compare the client's current vital signs with vital signs taken earlier in the day: Vital signs can provide objective data but may not accurately reflect pain intensity or quality. They cannot replace the client’s subjective report, which is the most reliable indicator of pain.

B. Ask the client to provide a detailed description about the quality of the pain: Obtaining the client’s description allows the PN to validate the presence, severity, and characteristics of pain. This subjective data guides appropriate interventions and ensures individualized pain management.

C. Review the medication record and note when the client last received an analgesic: While reviewing medication timing is important for planning pain relief, it does not confirm whether the client is currently experiencing pain or its intensity.

D. Consult with the charge nurse about the manifestations that the client is exhibiting: Consulting another nurse may be helpful for collaborative care, but first-hand assessment and obtaining the client’s subjective report are necessary before escalation.

A. Instruct a UAP to keep the upper side rails up and check on the client every 15 minutes until the client is resting: Close supervision and use of safety measures such as raised side rails help prevent falls and injury. Frequent monitoring ensures the client’s safety while allowing time for the effects of pain medication and reorientation.

B. Administer a prescribed narcotic antagonist to reverse the effects of any analgesic accumulation: This is only indicated if there are signs of opioid overdose such as respiratory depression, not agitation or confusion. Administering a narcotic antagonist unnecessarily could reverse needed pain control.

C. Notify the healthcare provider and request a prescription for restraints to minimize the client's danger to self: Restraints are a last resort due to risks of injury and psychological distress. Other less restrictive interventions should be attempted first.

D. Raise the side rails and notify the family to come and stay until the client is reoriented and cooperative: While involving family may provide comfort, immediate close monitoring and safety measures take priority to prevent falls or injury.