A client seeking care because of recurrent heartburn and regurgitation is subsequently diagnosed with a hiatal hernia. Which of the following should the nurse include in health education?
"It's best to avoid dry foods, such as rice and chicken, because they're harder to swallow."
"Instead of eating three meals a day, try eating smaller amounts more often."
"Many clients obtain relief by taking over-the-counter antacids 30 minutes before eating"
"Drinking beverages after your meal, rather than with your meal, may bring some relief.
The Correct Answer is B
Rationale:
A. Avoiding dry foods is not a specific recommendation for hiatal hernia unless the client also has difficulty swallowing; dry foods are not typically associated with reflux symptoms.
B. Eating smaller, more frequent meals reduces pressure on the stomach and helps prevent reflux symptoms in clients with hiatal hernia. This is a key dietary modification.
C. Antacids are usually taken after meals to neutralize existing acid, not before meals. Relying on OTC medications without provider guidance may mask symptoms.
D. Drinking fluids with meals, rather than only after, is generally acceptable. There is no strong evidence that delaying fluids significantly reduces symptoms.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Rationale:
A. A low-bacteria diet is more relevant for clients with neutropenia, not thrombocytopenia.
B. Removing fresh flowers is also a precaution for infection prevention in immunocompromised (neutropenic) patients, not bleeding risk.
C. Family members wearing masks is an infection control measure for clients with low white blood cell counts, not low platelets.
D. A platelet count of 20,000 cells/mm³ indicates severe thrombocytopenia, putting the client at high risk for bleeding. Rectal thermometers can cause mucosal trauma and bleeding and should be avoided. Removing it is the appropriate safety measure in this scenario.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Hypersensitivity reactions to cisplatin typically involve symptoms like rash, shortness of breath, or facial swelling—not fatigue alone.
B. Hypercalcemia is more commonly associated with cancers like multiple myeloma or bone metastases, and it usually causes confusion, nausea, or constipation—not just fatigue.
C. Hepatomegaly may occur in metastatic disease but is not a routine complication of cisplatin and is less directly linked to fatigue.
D. Fatigue in a client receiving chemotherapy such as cisplatin is commonly due to anemia, a result of bone marrow suppression. Checking the complete blood count (CBC) is essential to assess for decreased red blood cells or other cytopenias.
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