A client undergoing a blood transfusion reports sudden onset urticaria, pruritus, and flushing.
What type of transfusion reaction is the client likely experiencing based on these symptoms?

Transfusion-related acute lung injury (TRALI)

Bacterial contamination.

Febrile nonhemolytic reaction.

Allergic reaction.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

Allergic reaction.

Choice A rationale:

Transfusion-related acute lung injury (TRALI) usually presents with acute respiratory distress, not urticaria, pruritus, and flushing.

It is characterized by the sudden onset of dyspnea, hypoxemia, and pulmonary edema.

Choice B rationale:

Bacterial contamination of blood products can lead to sepsis, but the symptoms described in the question (urticaria, pruritus, and flushing) are not indicative of bacterial contamination.

Symptoms of bacterial contamination would typically include fever, chills, and signs of infection.

Choice C rationale:

Febrile nonhemolytic reactions can cause fever, chills, and rigors, but they are not associated with urticaria, pruritus, or flushing.

Choice D rationale:

An allergic reaction, also known as a hypersensitivity reaction, can manifest with symptoms like urticaria (hives), pruritus (itching), and flushing.

These symptoms are indicative of an allergic response to components in the blood product, such as plasma proteins or allergens.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A rationale:

B- blood can be safely transfused to a client with blood type B+ since B+ individuals do not have anti-B antibodies.

However, the reverse is not true.

A client with blood type B+ should not receive B- blood because B- blood has anti-A antibodies that can react with the A antigen present on the recipient's red blood cells.

Choice B rationale:

A- blood can be safely transfused to a client with blood type B+ since B+ individuals do not have anti-A antibodies.

However, the reverse is not true.

A client with blood type B+ should not receive A- blood because A- blood has anti-B antibodies that can react with the B antigen present on the recipient's red blood cells.

Choice C rationale:

O- blood can be safely transfused to a client with blood type B+ because O- blood is universally compatible with all blood types.

O- blood does not contain A, B, or RhD antigens, making it safe for transfusion to recipients with any blood type.

Choice D rationale:

AB- blood can be safely transfused to a client with blood type B+ since B+ individuals do not have anti-A or anti-B antibodies.

However, the reverse is not true.

A client with blood type B+ should not receive AB- blood because AB- blood contains both A and B antigens, which can react with the antibodies present in the recipient's plasma.

A. "I recommend autologous transfusion, where you donate your own blood before surgery and receive it back during or after the procedure.” B. "You should consider erythropoietin therapy, as it stimulates red blood cell production and reduces the need for transfusion.” C. "Iron therapy can help increase your hemoglobin levels and reduce the need for transfusion; it's available orally or intravenously.” D. "You may benefit from hemostatic agents, which promote clotting and stop bleeding when needed.”

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A rationale:

Autologous transfusion involves collecting and storing the patient's blood before a planned surgery or procedure, eliminating the risk of incompatibility, infection, and immunologic reactions associated with allogeneic (donor) blood transfusions.

This option aligns with the patient's religious beliefs and offers a safe alternative.

Choice B rationale:

Erythropoietin therapy stimulates red blood cell production but does not eliminate the need for transfusion entirely.

It may not align with the patient's refusal of blood products due to religious beliefs.

Choice C rationale:

Iron therapy can increase hemoglobin levels but may not completely eliminate the need for transfusion.

It also may not be a suitable alternative for the patient's specific condition.

Choice D rationale:

Hemostatic agents are not a substitute for blood transfusion.

They are used to control bleeding but do not address anemia or increase hemoglobin levels.

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A client undergoing a blood transfusion reports sudden onset urticaria, pruritus, and flushing.What type of transfusion reaction is the client likely experiencing based on these symptoms?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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A client undergoing a blood transfusion reports sudden onset urticaria, pruritus, and flushing.
What type of transfusion reaction is the client likely experiencing based on these symptoms?