A client with congestive heart failure is prescribed a nitrate medication. The nurse should instruct the client to:

A) This choice is incorrect because bradycardia (slow heart rate) is not a common adverse effect of furosemide, a loop diuretic.

B) This choice is correct. Furosemide is a loop diuretic that can lead to increased potassium excretion in the urine, potentially causing hypokalemia (low potassium levels). The nurse should closely monitor the client's potassium levels and provide potassium supplementation if necessary.

C) This choice is incorrect because hypertension (high blood pressure) is not typically associated with loop diuretics like furosemide. In fact, furosemide is used to treat hypertension and congestive heart failure by promoting the excretion of excess fluid and reducing blood pressure.

D) This choice is incorrect because hyperglycemia (high blood glucose levels) is not a common adverse effect of furosemide. In fact, furosemide can sometimes cause transient hypoglycemia.

A) This choice is incorrect because hemoptysis refers to coughing up blood from the respiratory tract, which is not described by the client.

B) This choice is incorrect because dyspnea refers to difficulty breathing or shortness of breath, not a dry, persistent cough.

C) This choice is incorrect because paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea is characterized by sudden breathlessness that awakens the client from sleep, not a dry cough.

D) This choice is correct. Cardiac asthma is a form of wheezing or coughing that occurs as a result of fluid accumulation in the lungs due to congestive heart failure. It is not caused by asthma but is a manifestation of heart failure impacting the respiratory system.

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