A nurse is providing education to a client diagnosed with congestive heart failure. The client asks, "What are the most common causes of CHF?" How should the nurse respond?

"CHF is primarily caused by infections and viral illnesses."

"The leading causes of CHF are hypertension and coronary artery disease."

"CHF is often a result of excessive physical exertion and overworking the heart."

"The main cause of CHF is anemia and low red blood cell count."

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A) This choice is incorrect because while infections and viral illnesses can contribute to heart failure in some cases, they are not the leading causes of CHF. Hypertension and coronary artery disease are more common risk factors.

B) This choice is correct. Hypertension (high blood pressure) and coronary artery disease (narrowing or blockage of the heart's blood vessels) are the leading causes of CHF. Both conditions place increased stress on the heart and can lead to heart muscle damage and failure.

C) This choice is incorrect because while excessive physical exertion and overworking the heart can contribute to heart failure, they are not the primary causes of CHF. Underlying conditions like hypertension and coronary artery disease are more significant risk factors.

D) This choice is incorrect because anemia and low red blood cell count can impact heart function, but they are not the main causes of CHF. Hypertension and coronary artery disease are more commonly associated with the development of CHF.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A) This choice is incorrect because while electrolyte imbalances can have cardiovascular implications, they are not directly associated with diabetes mellitus or congestive heart failure.

B) This choice is incorrect because left-sided heart failure is not directly related to uncontrolled diabetes mellitus. However, diabetes can exacerbate heart failure if not well-controlled due to its impact on blood vessels and the heart.

C) This choice is incorrect because decreased afterload is not directly related to uncontrolled diabetes mellitus. Afterload refers to the resistance the heart has to overcome to eject blood into the circulation.

D) This choice is correct. Uncontrolled diabetes mellitus can lead to microvascular damage, particularly in the small blood vessels of the heart. This damage can contribute to heart muscle dysfunction and congestive heart failure. Diabetes is a significant risk factor for developing heart failure.

Questions

A. Palpitations B. Angina pectoris C. Dyspnea on exertion D. Peripheral cyanosis

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A) This choice is incorrect because palpitations refer to an abnormal awareness of the heart's beating, which is not described by the client.

B) This choice is incorrect because angina pectoris is chest pain or discomfort due to inadequate blood flow to the heart muscle. The client's complaint is related to physical activity causing fatigue and weakness, not chest pain.

C) This choice is correct. Dyspnea on exertion refers to shortness of breath or difficulty breathing that occurs with physical activity or exertion. The client's symptoms of feeling fatigued and weak after mild activity suggest exertional dyspnea, which is common in congestive heart failure.

D) This choice is incorrect because peripheral cyanosis is bluish discoloration of the skin and mucous membranes due to reduced blood flow, which is not described by the client.

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A nurse is providing education to a client diagnosed with congestive heart failure. The client asks, "What are the most common causes of CHF?" How should the nurse respond?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is reviewing a client's medical history and notes a diagnosis of uncontrolled diabetes mellitus. The nurse recognizes this as a significant risk factor for congestive heart failure due to its association with:

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A client with congestive heart failure complains of feeling fatigued and weak after mild physical activity, such as getting dressed or walking short distances. The nurse should identify this symptom as:

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A nurse is providing education to a client with congestive heart failure about managing fluid intake. The nurse should instruct the client to:

A nurse is providing education to a client with congestive heart failure who is prescribed an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor. The nurse should instruct the client to:

A client with suspected congestive heart failure undergoes an echocardiogram. The nurse should expect which parameter to be measured during the echocardiogram to assess the client's heart function?

A client with suspected congestive heart failure undergoes a chest X-ray. The nurse should anticipate which finding that may be indicative of CHF?

A client with congestive heart failure is prescribed digoxin. The nurse should monitor the client's:

A nurse is caring for a client with congestive heart failure who reports sudden weight gain, shortness of breath, and swelling in the ankles. What is the nurse's priority action?

A client with congestive heart failure is prescribed a loop diuretic. The nurse should closely monitor the client for which electrolyte imbalance associated with this medication?

A nurse is assessing a client with suspected congestive heart failure. Which symptom is the classic hallmark of left-sided heart failure?