A nurse is providing education to a client with congestive heart failure who is prescribed an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor. The nurse should instruct the client to:

Monitor blood pressure daily and adjust the dose accordingly.

Avoid foods high in potassium while on this medication.

Take the medication with a glass of grapefruit juice.

Limit fluid intake to prevent fluid overload.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A) This choice is correct. ACE inhibitors are used to lower blood pressure and reduce the workload on the heart. The client should monitor their blood pressure regularly and report any significant changes to their healthcare provider. Adjustments to the medication dosage should only be made under the guidance of the healthcare provider.

B) This choice is incorrect because while ACE inhibitors can increase potassium levels, avoiding foods high in potassium is not necessary unless specifically directed by the healthcare provider. The client should follow a balanced diet and inform the healthcare provider of any changes in their dietary habits.

C) This choice is incorrect because ACE inhibitors should not be taken with grapefruit juice. Grapefruit juice can interfere with the metabolism of the medication, leading to increased levels and potential side effects.

D) This choice is incorrect because limiting fluid intake is not specific to the administration of ACE inhibitors. Fluid intake may need to be adjusted based on the client's overall fluid balance and congestive heart failure status, but it is not a direct instruction related to the medication.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A) This choice is incorrect because while infections and viral illnesses can contribute to heart failure in some cases, they are not the leading causes of CHF. Hypertension and coronary artery disease are more common risk factors.

B) This choice is correct. Hypertension (high blood pressure) and coronary artery disease (narrowing or blockage of the heart's blood vessels) are the leading causes of CHF. Both conditions place increased stress on the heart and can lead to heart muscle damage and failure.

C) This choice is incorrect because while excessive physical exertion and overworking the heart can contribute to heart failure, they are not the primary causes of CHF. Underlying conditions like hypertension and coronary artery disease are more significant risk factors.

D) This choice is incorrect because anemia and low red blood cell count can impact heart function, but they are not the main causes of CHF. Hypertension and coronary artery disease are more commonly associated with the development of CHF.

A. Hypertension B. Diabetes mellitus C. Smoking history D. Family history of heart disease

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A) This choice is correct. Hypertension (high blood pressure) is a significant risk factor for congestive heart failure (CHF). Prolonged hypertension can lead to the heart's increased workload, causing it to weaken over time and eventually leading to CHF. The client's symptoms of fatigue, difficulty breathing, and nocturia (frequent urination at night) are common manifestations of CHF resulting from uncontrolled hypertension.

B) This choice is incorrect because diabetes mellitus, while a risk factor for cardiovascular disease, is not directly associated with the symptoms described by the client. However, diabetes can exacerbate CHF if the client's blood glucose levels are not well-controlled.

C) This choice is incorrect because smoking history is a risk factor for various cardiovascular diseases, but it is not specifically linked to the symptoms reported by the client in this case.

D) This choice is incorrect because a family history of heart disease may increase the client's risk of developing CHF, but it does not directly contribute to the current symptoms the client is experiencing.

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A nurse is providing education to a client with congestive heart failure who is prescribed an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor. The nurse should instruct the client to:

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is providing education to a client diagnosed with congestive heart failure. The client asks, "What are the most common causes of CHF?" How should the nurse respond?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A client with a history of hypertension and diabetes mellitus presents to the clinic with complaints of fatigue, difficulty breathing, and frequent urination at night. Which risk factor is most likely contributing to the client's symptoms?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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