A client with diabetes and hypertension describes seeing "floaters" and flashes of light in their field of vision. The nurse understands that this description is indicative of which disorder?

Retinal detachment

Cataracts

Age-related macular degeneration

Open-angle glaucoma

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A.   Floaters and flashes of light are classic symptoms of retinal detachment. When the retina begins to detach from the underlying tissue, it can cause these visual disturbances. Floaters are small, shadowy shapes that move across the field of vision, while flashes of light can occur due to the retina being stretched or pulled.
B.   Cataracts primarily cause blurred vision, difficulty seeing at night, and sensitivity to light, rather than floaters or flashes of light.
C.   AMD generally affects central vision and can cause symptoms such as distorted vision, difficulty seeing in low light, and a loss of central vision. While AMD can cause vision changes, it is not typically associated with seeing floaters and flashes of light.
D.   Open-angle glaucoma usually progresses slowly and is often asymptomatic in its early stages. It primarily affects peripheral vision, leading to a gradual loss of vision in the periphery.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Methylprednisolone is a corticosteroid used to reduce inflammation and suppress the immune system. While corticosteroids are sometimes used in critical care settings, they are not specifically used to prevent stress ulcers. In fact, corticosteroids can increase the risk of gastrointestinal bleeding and may require additional measures to protect the stomach lining.
B. Enoxaparin is a low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) used primarily for the prevention of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE). It works as an anticoagulant, preventing blood clots. While enoxaparin is important for preventing thromboembolic events in critically ill patients, it does not specifically address the prevention of stress ulcers.
C. Pantoprazole is a proton pump inhibitor (PPI) that reduces gastric acid production by inhibiting the proton pumps in the stomach lining. PPIs are commonly used to prevent and treat stress ulcers because they help decrease gastric acid secretion, thereby reducing the risk of ulcer formation and bleeding. This makes pantoprazole the appropriate medication to administer to prevent physiologic stress ulcers in a patient with sepsis on a ventilator.
D. Ibuprofen is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) that is used for pain relief and inflammation. NSAIDs can actually increase the risk of gastrointestinal bleeding and ulceration, especially in critically ill patients.

A. "This medication can cause fluid volume deficit." B. "This medication can cause significant weight loss." C. "This medication can cause you to retain sodium." D. "This medication can cause thickening of the skin."

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Prednisone, a corticosteroid, is more commonly associated with fluid retention rather than fluid volume deficit. Fluid volume deficit would generally be a concern with diuretics or other medications that increase urine output. Prednisone can lead to fluid retention and edema, not a deficit.
B. Prednisone is more likely to cause weight gain rather than weight loss. Corticosteroids can increase appetite and lead to fluid retention, both of which contribute to weight gain. Significant weight loss is not a typical side effect of prednisone.
C. Prednisone and other corticosteroids can cause sodium retention, which can lead to fluid retention and hypertension. Sodium retention is a common side effect of corticosteroids, and it contributes to the fluid retention and potential weight gain associated with these medications.
D. Prednisone can cause thinning of the skin rather than thickening. Long-term use of corticosteroids can lead to skin thinning, increased bruising, and easy tearing of the skin. Thickening of the skin is not a common side effect of prednisone.

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A client with diabetes and hypertension describes seeing "floaters" and flashes of light in their field of vision. The nurse understands that this description is indicative of which disorder?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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