A client with diabetes and hypertension describes seeing "floaters" and flashes of light in their field of vision. The nurse understands that this description is indicative of which disorder?

Retinal detachment

Cataracts

Age-related macular degeneration

Open-angle glaucoma

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A.   Floaters and flashes of light are classic symptoms of retinal detachment. When the retina begins to detach from the underlying tissue, it can cause these visual disturbances. Floaters are small, shadowy shapes that move across the field of vision, while flashes of light can occur due to the retina being stretched or pulled.
B.   Cataracts primarily cause blurred vision, difficulty seeing at night, and sensitivity to light, rather than floaters or flashes of light.
C.   AMD generally affects central vision and can cause symptoms such as distorted vision, difficulty seeing in low light, and a loss of central vision. While AMD can cause vision changes, it is not typically associated with seeing floaters and flashes of light.
D.   Open-angle glaucoma usually progresses slowly and is often asymptomatic in its early stages. It primarily affects peripheral vision, leading to a gradual loss of vision in the periphery.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Prednisone is a corticosteroid used to reduce inflammation and suppress the immune system. While effective for reducing inflammation and pain, corticosteroids are generally not the first-line treatment for osteoarthritis. They are more commonly used for inflammatory arthritis conditions like rheumatoid arthritis.
B. Etanercept is a biologic agent used to treat autoimmune conditions like rheumatoid arthritis and psoriatic arthritis by targeting tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) to reduce inflammation. It is not indicated for osteoarthritis, which is a non-inflammatory degenerative joint disease rather than an autoimmune inflammatory disease.
C. Ibuprofen is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) that is commonly used to manage pain and inflammation associated with osteoarthritis. NSAIDs like ibuprofen are often the first-line treatment for osteoarthritis because they help reduce pain and inflammation, improve function, and enhance the quality of life for patients. Ibuprofen is a suitable and preferred option for managing symptoms of osteoarthritis.
D. Hydroxychloroquine is an antimalarial drug that is also used to treat autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis and lupus. It works by modulating the immune system and reducing inflammation. However, it is not typically used for osteoarthritis, which is not an autoimmune condition.

A. A client who has hypertension and is taking amlodipine B. A client who has COPD and has been on frequent courses of prednisone C. A client with atrial fibrillation who is taking warfarin D. A client who is Caucasian and has had multiple child

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Amlodipine is a calcium channel blocker used to manage hypertension. It is not associated with an increased risk of osteoarthritis. While hypertension itself is a health concern, amlodipine does not directly contribute to the development of OA.
B. Prednisone is a corticosteroid that can lead to various side effects, including bone loss and osteoporosis with long-term use. Although osteoporosis and OA are different conditions, long-term use of corticosteroids can potentially increase the risk of joint issues and contribute to the development or exacerbation of OA due to the impact on joint cartilage and bone density.
C. Warfarin is an anticoagulant used to prevent blood clots in atrial fibrillation. It is not directly associated with an increased risk of osteoarthritis. The primary concerns with warfarin involve bleeding risks rather than joint health.
D. Being Caucasian and having multiple children do not directly contribute to an increased risk of osteoarthritis.

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A client with diabetes and hypertension describes seeing "floaters" and flashes of light in their field of vision. The nurse understands that this description is indicative of which disorder?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is assessing a client who has osteoarthritis of the right hand. Which of the following would be the preferred treatment for this client?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Which of the following clients is at a higher risk of developing osteoarthritis?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A client has been on daily, high-dose prednisone therapy to treat an exacerbation of rheumatoid arthritis. His prescription runs out before his next paycheck. He decides to skip his prednisone for a few days. What is likely to happen to this patient when he abruptly stops taking prednisone?

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