A client with hypermagnesemia is prescribed calcium gluconate. Which action is appropriate for the nurse to take?

Administering calcium gluconate to counteract magnesium toxicity

Initiating IV fluid restriction

Administering potassium chloride to balance electrolytes

Increasing the dose of magnesium sulfate

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Rationale:
A. Calcium gluconate is the antidote for magnesium toxicity; it helps reverse the cardiac and neuromuscular effects of hypermagnesemia.
B. IV fluid restriction is not appropriate; often IV fluids are given to promote magnesium excretion.
C. Potassium chloride is not indicated for hypermagnesemia treatment.
D. Increasing magnesium sulfate would worsen hypermagnesemia and is contraindicated.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Rationale:
A. Cool, moist skin is typically seen in conditions like shock or anxiety, not dehydration. Dehydrated clients often have dry, warm skin.
B. Urine output of 20 mL/hr is below the normal minimum (about 30 mL/hr) and is a common sign of dehydration as the body conserves fluid.
C. Sodium of 142 mEq/L is within the normal range (135–145 mEq/L) and does not indicate dehydration by itself.
D. Bradycardia (low heart rate) is not typical in dehydration. Instead, the body usually responds with tachycardia to compensate for low fluid volume.

A. Metabolic acidosis B. Metabolic alkalosis C. Respiratory acidosis D. Respiratory alkalosis

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Rationale:
A. Metabolic acidosis is characterized by Kussmaul respirations (deep and rapid breathing), but not typically lightheadedness or paresthesias.
B. Metabolic alkalosis often presents with hypoventilation as the body tries to retain CO₂, not hyperventilation.
C. Respiratory acidosis results from hypoventilation, leading to CO₂ retention, not the excessive breathing seen in this case.
D. Respiratory alkalosis is caused by hyperventilation, which leads to excessive loss of CO₂, resulting in symptoms such as lightheadedness, confusion, paresthesias, and blurred vision — all present in this client.

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A client with hypermagnesemia is prescribed calcium gluconate. Which action is appropriate for the nurse to take?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is collecting data from a client who has dehydration. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A nurse is assisting with the admission of a client who is hyperventilating, reports lightheadedness and paresthesias, has blurred vision, and a new onset of confusion. The nurse should suspect that the client has developed which of the following imbalances?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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