A client with hypermagnesemia is prescribed calcium gluconate. Which action is appropriate for the nurse to take?

Administering calcium gluconate to counteract magnesium toxicity

Initiating IV fluid restriction

Administering potassium chloride to balance electrolytes

Increasing the dose of magnesium sulfate

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Rationale:
A. Calcium gluconate is the antidote for magnesium toxicity; it helps reverse the cardiac and neuromuscular effects of hypermagnesemia.
B. IV fluid restriction is not appropriate; often IV fluids are given to promote magnesium excretion.
C. Potassium chloride is not indicated for hypermagnesemia treatment.
D. Increasing magnesium sulfate would worsen hypermagnesemia and is contraindicated.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Rationale:
A. Respiratory alkalosis would present with an elevated pH and decreased PaCO₂, which is not consistent with these results.
B. Respiratory acidosis is indicated by a low pH (7.20) and an elevated PaCO₂ (50 mm Hg), with a normal HCO₃⁻ (24 mEq/L), suggesting uncompensated respiratory acidosis.
C. Metabolic alkalosis would present with an increased pH and elevated HCO₃⁻.
D. Metabolic acidosis would show a low pH and low HCO₃⁻, not an elevated PaCO₂.

A. Bronchoscopy B. Pulmonary function tests C. Pulse oximetry D. Arterial blood gases

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Rationale:
A. Bronchoscopy allows for direct visualization of the airways and may be used for sampling or clearing secretions but does not assess acid-base balance.
B. Pulmonary function tests evaluate lung volume and airflow but are not specific to acid-base status.
C. Pulse oximetry measures oxygen saturation, which reflects oxygenation but not CO₂ levels or pH status.
D. Arterial blood gases (ABGs) are the most accurate test for evaluating acid-base balance, as they provide values for pH, PaCO₂, HCO₃⁻, and PaO₂ — essential indicators in COPD management.

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A client with hypermagnesemia is prescribed calcium gluconate. Which action is appropriate for the nurse to take?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is caring for a client whose arterial blood gas results show the following results: PH: 7.2 PaCO2: 50 mm Hg HCO3: 24 mEq/L The nurse should identify the client is experiencing which of the following acid-base conditions?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A client has been admitted with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Diagnostic tests have been ordered. Which of the tests will provide the most accurate indicator of the client's acid-base balance?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A nurse is caring for a client diagnosis with uncompensated metabolic alkalosis secondary to prolonged vomiting. When reviewing this client's laboratory data, which value should the nurse anticipate?

A nurse is reviewing the preadmission laboratory test results of a client who is scheduled for a carotid endarterectomy in 3 days. Which of the following results should the nurse report to the provider?

A nurse is collecting data from a client who has hypokalemia as a result of nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

A patient is experiencing respiratory acidosis. Which organ system is responsible for compensation in this patient?

A nurse received an order to administer potassium chloride to a client who has a potassium level of 5.8 mEq/L. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

The regulatory system of acid-base balance takes the longest time to respond, and regulates the pH of extracellular fluid (ECF) by eliminating hydrogen ions or bicarbonate in body fluids?

The nurse is caring for a client with a critically high potassium level. The client has received sodium polystyrene sulfonate (Kayexalate). The nurse determines the medication's effectiveness if the client's repeat serum potassium level is:

If a patient began vomiting and continued to do so for several hours, the nurse is aware that this loss of stomach contents can result in: