In which patient will the nurse expect to see a positive Chvostek's sign?
A 50-year-old patient admitted for an acute exacerbation of hyperparathyroidism
A 7-year-old child admitted for severe burns
A 24-year-old admitted for chronic alcohol abuse
A 75-year-old patient admitted for a broken hip related to osteoporosis
The Correct Answer is C
Rationale:
A. Hyperparathyroidism typically causes hypercalcemia, which would not result in a positive Chvostek’s sign.
B. Severe burns can cause fluid and electrolyte imbalances, including hypocalcemia, but it's less specific than option C.
C. Chronic alcohol abuse can lead to hypocalcemia and hypomagnesemia, which are known causes of a positive Chvostek’s sign, a clinical sign of neuromuscular irritability due to low calcium levels.
D. Osteoporosis may be related to chronic calcium deficiency, but it does not directly cause the acute hypocalcemia needed to produce a positive Chvostek’s sign.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Counting wet diapers provides general insight into fluid output, but it is not the most accurate measure of overall fluid status.
B. Measuring head circumference is useful for assessing neurological changes or growth, not hydration.
C. Daily weight is the most accurate and sensitive indicator of fluid balance in infants, especially when performed consistently.
D. Vital signs can reflect dehydration, but they are less reliable than daily weight for ongoing monitoring of rehydration progress.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Hypoactive bowel sounds are more commonly associated with hypercalcemia or other electrolyte imbalances like hypokalemia.
B. Skeletal muscle weakness is a sign of hypercalcemia, not hypocalcemia.
C. Tingling of the lips (paresthesia) is a classic symptom of hypocalcemia, often accompanied by numbness and tingling in the fingers and around the mouth.
D. Decreased deep-tendon reflexes are associated with hypercalcemia; hypocalcemia typically causes increased neuromuscular excitability, such as hyperactive reflexes and muscle cramps.
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