In which patient will the nurse expect to see a positive Chvostek's sign?

A 50-year-old patient admitted for an acute exacerbation of hyperparathyroidism

A 7-year-old child admitted for severe burns

A 24-year-old admitted for chronic alcohol abuse

A 75-year-old patient admitted for a broken hip related to osteoporosis

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

Rationale:
A. Hyperparathyroidism typically causes hypercalcemia, which would not result in a positive Chvostek’s sign.
B. Severe burns can cause fluid and electrolyte imbalances, including hypocalcemia, but it's less specific than option C.
C. Chronic alcohol abuse can lead to hypocalcemia and hypomagnesemia, which are known causes of a positive Chvostek’s sign, a clinical sign of neuromuscular irritability due to low calcium levels.
D. Osteoporosis may be related to chronic calcium deficiency, but it does not directly cause the acute hypocalcemia needed to produce a positive Chvostek’s sign.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Rationale:
A. While sodium bicarbonate can help mitigate some cardiac effects of hyperkalemia, this is not its primary indication.
B. Sodium bicarbonate may be used as an adjunct in hyperkalemia but not as a direct treatment.
C. Sodium bicarbonate does not treat hyponatremia.
D. Sodium bicarbonate is primarily used to neutralize excess acid in the blood and manage metabolic acidosis by increasing blood pH.

A. Hold the medication and Inform the provider of the client's potassium level. B. Obtain an order to increase the dosage of the medication. C. Hold the medication until the client has his evening meal. D. Give the medication as prescribed.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Rationale:

A. Hold the medication and inform the provider of the client's potassium level: A potassium level of 5.8 mEq/L indicates hyperkalemia (normal range is 3.5–5.0 mEq/L). Administering potassium chloride in this situation could worsen the hyperkalemia and lead to serious cardiac complications. The provider should be notified immediately.

B. Obtain an order to increase the dosage of the medication: This would be unsafe and inappropriate since the potassium level is already elevated.

C. Hold the medication until the client has his evening meal: Delaying the dose does not address the issue. The problem is the elevated potassium, not the timing.

D. Give the medication as prescribed: Administering potassium in the presence of hyperkalemia is dangerous and could result in life-threatening arrhythmias.

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In which patient will the nurse expect to see a positive Chvostek's sign?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The physician has ordered 1 amp of sodium bicarbonate to be added to the client's IVF. The parents of the client want to know what this drug is used for. The student nurse tells the parents that this is commonly given to:

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A nurse received an order to administer potassium chloride to a client who has a potassium level of 5.8 mEq/L. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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