A client with liver cirrhosis presents with severe ascites. Which procedure should the nurse anticipate being performed to drain the accumulated fluid from the peritoneal cavity?
Paracentesis
Thoracentesis
Pleurodesis
Pericardiocentesis
The Correct Answer is A
A)Paracentesis is a procedure in which a needle or catheter is inserted into the peritoneal cavity to drain the accumulated fluid in clients with ascites. This procedure is performed to relieve abdominal pressure and discomfort, as well as to facilitate diagnostic testing on the ascitic fluid.
B) Thoracentesis is a procedure to drain fluid from the pleural cavity, which is the space surrounding the lungs. It is not used to treat ascites.
C) Pleurodesis is a procedure performed to create adhesions between the two layers of the pleura to prevent recurrent pleural effusions (fluid accumulation in the pleural cavity). It is not used to treat ascites.
D) Pericardiocentesis is a procedure to drain fluid from the pericardial sac surrounding the heart. It is not used to treat ascites.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A) While adequate protein intake is necessary for overall health, excessive protein intake may worsen hepatic encephalopathy in some clients with liver cirrhosis. The priority for this client is to avoid alcohol consumption, not necessarily to increase protein intake.
B) Clients with liver cirrhosis and associated ascites should be on a low-sodium diet to reduce fluid retention and prevent complications related to ascites.
C) Limiting fluid intake is not a standard recommendation for clients with liver cirrhosis. Instead, clients with ascites may be advised to follow a low-sodium diet and, if necessary, restrict fluid intake under the guidance of their healthcare provider.
D) For a client with liver cirrhosis, the most crucial dietary modification is to restrict alcohol consumption completely. Alcohol is a major contributing factor to liver damage and can exacerbate cirrhosis. Abstinence from alcohol is essential to prevent further liver injury and improve the client's overall prognosis.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A) In liver cirrhosis, portal hypertension occurs due to increased pressure in the portal vein, which carries blood from the intestines to the liver. The increased pressure leads to the development of portosystemic collaterals (collateral circulation) to divert blood flow. This can cause hypersplenism, a condition where the spleen becomes enlarged and traps platelets, leading to a decreased platelet count (thrombocytopenia).
B) Ascites is the accumulation of fluid in the abdominal cavity and is not directly related to a decreased platelet count.
C) Hepatocellular carcinoma is a type of liver cancer and can be a complication of liver cirrhosis. However, it is not the likely cause of the client's decreased platelet count.
D) Splenomegaly (enlargement of the spleen) can occur in liver cirrhosis due to portal hypertension. However, splenomegaly itself is not the cause of the decreased platelet count; it is the hypersplenism resulting from the splenomegaly that causes thrombocytopenia.
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