A client with nephrotic syndrome is experiencing severe edema and hypoalbuminemia. Which nursing intervention is essential to manage the client's edema?

Encourage the client to restrict fluid intake.

Elevate the client's legs when sitting or lying down.

Provide a low-sodium diet to decrease fluid retention.

Monitor the client's blood glucose levels regularly.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A. Incorrect. Restricting fluid intake may not be appropriate for clients with nephrotic syndrome, as they may already have reduced fluid intake due to decreased glomerular filtration.

B. Incorrect. Elevating the client's legs can help reduce edema, but a low-sodium diet is a more direct and essential intervention for managing fluid retention in nephrotic syndrome.

C. Correct. A low-sodium diet is crucial in managing edema in nephrotic syndrome. Sodium intake can lead to fluid retention, and reducing sodium intake helps decrease edema.

D. Incorrect. Monitoring blood glucose levels is important for clients with diabetes, but it is not directly related to managing edema in nephrotic syndrome.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Incorrect. Increased renal blood flow and fluid overload would lead to excessive urine output and reduced edema, which is not consistent with nephrotic syndrome.

B. Incorrect. Excessive sodium excretion and dehydration would lead to reduced fluid retention and edema, which is not consistent with nephrotic syndrome.

C. Correct. Nephrotic syndrome is characterized by glomerular damage, leading to increased permeability of the glomerular capillaries and loss of protein (mainly albumin) in the urine. This results in decreased oncotic pressure in the blood vessels, leading to edema in various parts of the body.

D. Incorrect. Elevated blood pressure and vascular leakage would lead to a different set of clinical manifestations, not characteristic of nephrotic syndrome.

A. "Take the medication on an empty stomach to enhance absorption." B. "Expect to see an immediate improvement in proteinuria after starting the medication." C. "Corticosteroids can increase your risk of infection, so avoid crowds and sick individuals." D. "Consume a diet high in potassium to offset potential electrolyte imbalances."

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Incorrect. Corticosteroids should be taken with food to reduce the risk of gastrointestinal side effects.

B. Incorrect. While corticosteroids may improve proteinuria over time, it is unlikely to see an immediate improvement after starting the medication.

C. Correct. Corticosteroids can suppress the immune system and increase the risk of infection, so the client should avoid crowded places and contact with individuals who are sick to minimize the risk of infections.

D. Incorrect. Corticosteroids do not specifically affect potassium levels, so there is no need for a diet high in potassium to offset potential electrolyte imbalances.

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A client with nephrotic syndrome is experiencing severe edema and hypoalbuminemia. Which nursing intervention is essential to manage the client's edema?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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