A client with nephrotic syndrome is prescribed corticosteroids. What potential side effects should the nurse include in the client's education about corticosteroid therapy?

"You may experience increased urine output and dehydration."

"Corticosteroids can cause increased appetite and weight gain."

"You may notice frequent bruising and prolonged bleeding."

"Corticosteroids can lead to low blood pressure and dizziness."

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. Incorrect. Increased urine output and dehydration are not common side effects of corticosteroid therapy. Instead, clients may experience fluid retention and edema due to the medication's effects.

B. Correct. Corticosteroids can cause increased appetite, leading to weight gain, which is a common side effect that clients should be aware of.

C. Incorrect. Frequent bruising and prolonged bleeding are not typical side effects of corticosteroids. Instead, clients on corticosteroid therapy may experience increased susceptibility to infections and impaired wound healing.

D. Incorrect. Corticosteroids are more likely to cause fluid retention and increased blood pressure, leading to potential hypertension, rather than low blood pressure and dizziness.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Incorrect. While some clients on ACE inhibitors may need to be cautious about potassium intake, this instruction is not universally applicable to all clients with nephrotic syndrome on this medication.

B. Incorrect. ACE inhibitors should be taken with food to reduce the risk of gastrointestinal side effects.

C. Incorrect. Monitoring blood glucose levels is important, but it is not directly related to ACE inhibitor use in nephrotic syndrome.

D. Correct. ACE inhibitors can cause a drop in blood pressure, leading to dizziness, especially when changing positions (orthostatic hypotension). Clients should be instructed to change positions slowly to prevent falls and injuries.

A. Increased renal blood flow and fluid overload. B. Excessive sodium excretion and dehydration. C. Decreased glomerular filtration and protein loss. D. Elevated blood pressure and vascular leakage.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Incorrect. Increased renal blood flow and fluid overload would lead to excessive urine output and reduced edema, which is not consistent with nephrotic syndrome.

B. Incorrect. Excessive sodium excretion and dehydration would lead to reduced fluid retention and edema, which is not consistent with nephrotic syndrome.

C. Correct. Nephrotic syndrome is characterized by glomerular damage, leading to increased permeability of the glomerular capillaries and loss of protein (mainly albumin) in the urine. This results in decreased oncotic pressure in the blood vessels, leading to edema in various parts of the body.

D. Incorrect. Elevated blood pressure and vascular leakage would lead to a different set of clinical manifestations, not characteristic of nephrotic syndrome.

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A client with nephrotic syndrome is prescribed corticosteroids. What potential side effects should the nurse include in the client's education about corticosteroid therapy?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A client with nephrotic syndrome is prescribed an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE. inhibitor. What should the nurse instruct the client to do while on this medication?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A client with nephrotic syndrome reports experiencing generalized edema. What is the underlying pathophysiological reason for the client's edema?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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