A nurse is planning discharge education for a client with nephrotic syndrome. What should be included in the client's dietary education?

"Increase your protein intake to improve kidney function."

"Limit potassium-rich foods to prevent hyperkalemia."

"Consume a low-sodium diet to manage fluid retention."

"Restrict fluid intake to reduce urinary output."

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A. Incorrect. While protein intake may need to be adjusted in nephrotic syndrome, increasing protein intake is not typically recommended, as clients may already have significant protein loss in the urine.

B. Incorrect. Limiting potassium-rich foods is not a primary dietary concern in nephrotic syndrome. Clients should consume a balanced diet unless instructed otherwise by their healthcare provider.

C. Correct. A low-sodium diet is crucial in managing fluid retention and edema in clients with nephrotic syndrome. Sodium intake contributes to fluid retention, so reducing sodium intake helps decrease edema.

D. Incorrect. Restricting fluid intake is not typically recommended in nephrotic syndrome, as it may lead to dehydration and worsen fluid imbalances due to hypoalbuminemia.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Incorrect. Increased renal blood flow and fluid overload would lead to excessive urine output and reduced edema, which is not consistent with nephrotic syndrome.

B. Incorrect. Excessive sodium excretion and dehydration would lead to reduced fluid retention and edema, which is not consistent with nephrotic syndrome.

C. Correct. Nephrotic syndrome is characterized by glomerular damage, leading to increased permeability of the glomerular capillaries and loss of protein (mainly albumin) in the urine. This results in decreased oncotic pressure in the blood vessels, leading to edema in various parts of the body.

D. Incorrect. Elevated blood pressure and vascular leakage would lead to a different set of clinical manifestations, not characteristic of nephrotic syndrome.

A. Elevated platelet count and clotting factors. B. Decreased blood viscosity and enhanced blood flow. C. Impaired liver function and reduced clotting factors. D. Loss of anticoagulant proteins and hypercoagulability.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Incorrect. Elevated platelet count and clotting factors are not characteristic of nephrotic syndrome. Clients with nephrotic syndrome tend to have normal platelet counts.

B. Incorrect. Decreased blood viscosity and enhanced blood flow would not directly lead to an increased risk of thromboembolic events in nephrotic syndrome.

C. Incorrect. While impaired liver function may impact clotting factors, it is not a common manifestation of nephrotic syndrome.

D. Correct. Nephrotic syndrome is associated with a loss of anticoagulant proteins, particularly antithrombin III, in the urine. This loss of anticoagulant proteins contributes to a state of hypercoagulability, increasing the risk of thromboembolic events, such as deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism.

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A nurse is planning discharge education for a client with nephrotic syndrome. What should be included in the client's dietary education?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A client with nephrotic syndrome reports experiencing generalized edema. What is the underlying pathophysiological reason for the client's edema?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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