A clinic nurse is caring for a large number of clients diagnosed with the common cold. The nurse should recognize that which factor contributes to the high communicability of the common cold?

People mistakenly think they are experiencing seasonal allergies.

The virus is spread by individuals who don't have symptoms.

Hand washing is not effective against the cold virus.

Use of over-the-counter cold products reduces immune resistance.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. People mistakenly think they are experiencing seasonal allergies: While seasonal allergies may share some symptoms with the common cold, such as nasal congestion and sneezing, they are caused by allergens rather than viruses. This factor does not directly contribute to the high communicability of the common cold.

B. The virus is spread by individuals who don't have symptoms: The common cold is highly communicable because individuals infected with the virus can spread it to others even before they develop symptoms or when they have mild symptoms. This makes it challenging to prevent the spread of the virus, as infected individuals may not realize they are contagious.

C. Hand washing is not effective against the cold virus: Hand washing is an effective measure for preventing the spread of the common cold virus. Proper hand hygiene can help reduce the transmission of the virus from contaminated surfaces to the nose and mouth.

D. Use of over-the-counter cold products reduces immune resistance: Over-the-counter cold products may help relieve symptoms of the common cold but do not directly affect immune resistance. However, reliance on symptomatic relief without taking precautions to prevent the spread of the virus can contribute to its communicability.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. GI intolerance and neutropenia: Antiretroviral therapy can cause gastrointestinal intolerance, including nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and abdominal pain. Neutropenia, a decrease in neutrophil count, can also occur as a side effect of some antiretroviral medications.

B. T-cell count of 500 and diarrhea: While diarrhea can be a side effect of antiretroviral therapy, a T-cell count of 500 is not necessarily an adverse effect and may indicate effective treatment.

C. Anorexia and constipation: Anorexia and constipation are not commonly associated with antiretroviral therapy. However, gastrointestinal side effects such as diarrhea are more common.

D. Bone demineralization and thrush: Bone demineralization (osteoporosis) can occur as a long- term complication of HIV infection and antiretroviral therapy, but it is not a direct adverse effect of antiretroviral medications. Thrush (oral candidiasis) can occur in HIV-infected individuals, but it is not specifically related to antiretroviral therapy.

A. The client has circumoral cyanosis. B. The client's heart rate is 86 bpm. C. The client has a pulse ox of 90% on room air. D. The client is lethargic.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. The client has circumoral cyanosis: Circumoral cyanosis, or bluish discoloration around the mouth, is a sign of hypoxia but may not be present in all cases of hypoxemia. Pulse oximetry provides a more objective measurement.

B. The client's heart rate is 86 bpm: Heart rate may be within normal limits even in the presence of hypoxemia, as compensatory mechanisms may not be fully activated.

C. The client has a pulse ox of 90% on room air: A pulse oximetry reading of 90% indicates hypoxemia (oxygen saturation below normal levels), which is a significant finding, especially in a client with COPD who may already have compromised respiratory function.

D. The client is lethargic: Lethargy may occur with severe hypoxemia, but it is a late sign and may not always be present. Monitoring oxygen saturation is more reliable for early detection of hypoxemia.

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A clinic nurse is caring for a large number of clients diagnosed with the common cold. The nurse should recognize that which factor contributes to the high communicability of the common cold?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is caring for a client diagnosed with HIV and receiving antiretroviral therapy. The nurse should assess for which potential adverse effects of long-term antiretroviral therapy?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A nurse suspects impending respiratory failure in a client diagnosed with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The nurse should recognize that which assessment finding supports the presence of hypoxemia?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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