A female client with chronic kidney disease (CKD) is receiving peritoneal dialysis with 2-L inflows. Which information should the nurse report promptly to the health care provider?

The client's peritoneal effluent appears cloudy.

The client has an outflow volume of 1800 mL.

The client has abdominal pain during the inflow phase.

The client's abdomen appears bloated after the inflow.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Cloudy peritoneal effluent may indicate infection or peritonitis, which is a severe complication of peritoneal dialysis. Peritonitis can be life-threatening and requires immediate medical attention. The nurse should report this finding promptly to the health care provider for further evaluation and intervention.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a condition where the kidneys are damaged or unable to filter blood effectively over time, leading to a gradual loss of kidney function. Several risk factors can increase the likelihood of developing CKD, and among them, diabetes and hypertension are the most common.

Diabetes is a significant risk factor for developing CKD. It can cause damage to the small blood vessels in the kidneys, impairing their ability to filter waste and fluid from the blood properly. Native Americans, along with other racial and ethnic minorities, are at a higher risk of developing diabetes compared to the general population.

While hypertension (high blood pressure) is also a risk factor for CKD, diabetes carries a higher risk. However, it's important to note that hypertension is often a comorbidity associated with CKD and can further worsen kidney function when present.

The other options listed (a 50-year-old white female with hypertension, a 40-year-old Hispanic female with cardiovascular disease, and a 28-year-old African American female with a urinary tract infection) are also at risk for CKD, but the 61-year-old Native American male with diabetes is at the highest risk based on the information provided. All patients should be educated about preventive measures to protect their kidney health, but special attention should be given to individuals with diabetes due to its significant impact on kidney function.

A. Most people are able to control BP through dietary changes. B. Annual BP checks are needed to monitor treatment effectiveness. C. Increasing physical activity controls blood pressure (BP) for most people. D. Hypertension is usually asymptomatic until target organ damage occurs.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Among the given options, the most important information for the nurse to include when teaching a client newly diagnosed with hypertension is option C, "Increasing physical activity controls blood pressure (BP) for most people."

Option C emphasizes the importance of increasing physical activity as a primary lifestyle modification to control blood pressure for most people with hypertension. Regular physical activity can help improve cardiovascular health, reduce blood pressure, and manage overall health. It is a proactive step that the individual can take immediately to start managing their hypertension.

Incorrect:

Option A, "Most people are able to control BP through dietary changes," is not necessarily true for everyone. While dietary changes, such as reducing sodium intake and adopting a heart-healthy diet, can be beneficial in managing hypertension, they may not be sufficient for everyone. Physical activity is an essential component of hypertension management and has broader health benefits.

Option B, "Annual BP checks are needed to monitor treatment effectiveness," is important information, but it is more of a recommendation for ongoing hypertension management rather than the most critical information for someone newly diagnosed with hypertension. Regular blood pressure monitoring is indeed crucial for treatment assessment and ensuring that the chosen treatment plan is effective.

Option D, "Hypertension is usually asymptomatic until target organ damage occurs," is important information to understand the nature of hypertension, but it does not provide immediate guidance for the newly diagnosed individual on how to manage their condition effectively.

As part of a comprehensive hypertension education plan, the nurse can provide additional information about dietary changes, regular blood pressure monitoring, and the importance of early management to prevent target organ damage. However, emphasizing physical activity as a fundamental aspect of hypertension management is the most important initial step for a newly diagnosed client. The nurse can then tailor the education based on the individual's specific needs and health status.

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A female client with chronic kidney disease (CKD) is receiving peritoneal dialysis with 2-L inflows. Which information should the nurse report promptly to the health care provider?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Which patient is most likely to develop chronic kidney disease (CKD) and should be taught preventive measures by the nurse?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Which information is most important for the nurse to include when teaching a client newly diagnosed with hypertension?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

The nurse is assessing a client who has been admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) with a hypertensive emergency. Which finding is most important to report to the health care provider?

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A nurse is providing dietary teaching to a client who has chronic kidney disease (CKD). The nurse should instruct the client to limit which of the following nutrients? (Select all that apply.)

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