A man has been admitted to the hospital unit with a medical diagnosis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). He is receiving supplemental oxygen at 2 L/min via a nasal cannula. Which positioning technique will best assist him with breathing?
Fowler's position
Sim's position
Prone position
Lateral position
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A reason: Fowler's position is a semisitting position with the head of the bed elevated at 45 to 60 degrees. This position allows for maximum expansion of the chest and improves ventilation and oxygenation. It also reduces the work of breathing and prevents the abdominal organs from compressing the diaphragm.
Choice B reason: Sim's position is a sidelying position with the lower arm behind the back and the upper knee flexed. This position is used for patients who are unconscious, have difficulty swallowing, or are receiving an enema. It does not facilitate breathing or oxygenation for patients with COPD.
Choice C reason: Prone position is a lying position with the face down and the arms at the sides or bent at the elbows. This position is used for patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) or severe lung injury to improve oxygenation and reduce lung inflammation. It is not recommended for patients with COPD as it may increase the risk of aspiration, pressure ulcers, and nerve damage.
Choice D reason: Lateral position is a sidelying position with the upper leg slightly flexed and supported by a pillow. This position is used for patients who are resting or sleeping to prevent pressure ulcers and promote comfort. It does not improve breathing or oxygenation for patients with COPD.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A reason: Stage 1 is a wound that involves only the epidermis, the outermost layer of the skin. It appears as a nonblanchable redness, warmth, or hardness on intact skin. It does not have any breakage or ulceration of the skin.
Choice B reason: Stage 2 is a wound that involves the epidermis and the dermis, the second layer of the skin. It appears as a shallow, open, reddened ulcer with a partialthickness loss of skin. It may have some serous exudate, but no slough or eschar. It may also present as a blister or abrasion.
Choice C reason: Stage 3 is a wound that involves the epidermis, the dermis, and the subcutaneous tissue, the third layer of the skin. It appears as a deep, open, reddened ulcer with a fullthickness loss of skin. It may have some slough or eschar, but no exposed bone, tendon, or muscle. It may also have tunneling or undermining of the wound edges.
Choice D reason: Stage 4 is a wound that involves the epidermis, the dermis, the subcutaneous tissue, and the underlying structures, such as bone, tendon, or muscle. It appears as a deep, open, reddened ulcer with a fullthickness loss of skin and tissue. It has exposed bone, tendon, or muscle, which may be visible or palpable. It may also have slough, eschar, necrosis, infection, or osteomyelitis.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A reason: Shearing or friction is the force that caused the injury, because it occurs when the skin and underlying tissues move in opposite directions, such as when the client slides down in bed. Shearing or friction can damage the blood vessels and reduce blood flow to the skin, resulting in tissue ischemia, necrosis, and ulceration.
Choice B reason: Pressure or gravity is not the force that caused the injury, because it occurs when the skin and underlying tissues are compressed between a bony prominence and an external surface, such as when the client lies on his back. Pressure or gravity can impair blood flow and oxygen delivery to the skin, resulting in tissue damage and ulceration.
Choice C reason: Chemical or pressure is not the force that caused the injury, because it occurs when the skin is exposed to a substance that causes irritation, inflammation, or corrosion, such as when the client has a wound dressing that contains an antiseptic or a topical agent. Chemical or pressure can damage the skin barrier and increase the risk of infection and delayed wound healing.
Choice D reason: Twisting and bending is not the force that caused the injury, because it occurs when the skin and underlying tissues are stretched or distorted, such as when the client twists his ankle or bends his knee. Twisting and bending can cause sprains, strains, or tears of the ligaments, tendons, or muscles.
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