A medication dissolved water or saline is called a(n):

A. Suspension: A suspension is a liquid preparation in which solid drug particles are dispersed in a liquid. It does not provide protection from gastric acid or prevent irritation of the stomach lining.

B. Capsule: Capsules enclose medication in a gelatin shell, which dissolves in the stomach or intestine. Standard capsules do not prevent gastric irritation unless they are specifically formulated with protective coatings.

C. Powder: Powders are solid medications that are usually mixed with liquid before administration. They dissolve quickly and do not protect the gastric mucosa from irritation.

D. Enteric coated: Enteric-coated tablets are designed with a special coating that resists dissolution in the acidic environment of the stomach. They remain intact until reaching the more neutral pH of the small intestine, protecting the gastric lining and preventing acid-mediated drug degradation.

A. Chew the gum briefly: Nicotine gum is designed to be chewed slowly until a tingling or peppery taste is noticed, then “parked” between the cheek and gum to allow nicotine absorption through the oral mucosa. Brief, repeated chewing releases nicotine gradually, enhancing effectiveness and reducing gastrointestinal side effects.

B. Swallow the gum whole: Swallowing nicotine gum prevents absorption through the oral mucosa and can increase gastrointestinal upset. The intended route of absorption is buccal, not gastrointestinal.

C. Crush the gum with tools before chewing: Crushing the gum is unnecessary and can release nicotine too quickly, increasing the risk of side effects such as nausea, dizziness, or palpitations. The gum is formulated for gradual release when chewed properly.

D. Dissolve the gum completely in the mouth: Letting the gum dissolve without chewing does not effectively break the outer shell and limits nicotine release. Proper chewing is required to initiate the pharmacologic effect.