A new order has been received in the Medication Administration Record (MAR). Which abbreviation indicates that the primary health-care provider (HCP) wants a medication administered by mouth?
PO
ACHS
PRN
NPO
The Correct Answer is A
A. PO: Abbreviation from Latin per os, meaning “by mouth,” used to indicate oral administration of a medication.
B. ACHS: Stands for “before meals and at bedtime” (ante cibum, hora somni) and refers to timing relative to meals, not the route of administration.
C. PRN: Means “as needed” (pro re nata) and indicates dosing frequency/condition, not the route.
D. NPO: Means “nothing by mouth” (nil per os) and indicates the patient should not take anything orally, so it does not instruct oral administration.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. 50-unit syringe, 25-gauge, 5/8 inch needle, administered at a 90-degree angle: Insulin is given subcutaneously with an insulin syringe (calibrated for units), a fine gauge (25–30), and 45–90° angle depending on client’s body habitus.
B. 3mL syringe, 18-gauge, 2-inch needle, administer at a 90-degree angle: This describes an IM injection (large bore needle, deep penetration), not appropriate for insulin.
C. 50-unit syringe, 20-gauge, 1.5-inch needle, administered at a 45-degree angle: Gauge and length are far too large for SQ insulin.
D. 1mL syringe, 25-gauge, 5/8 inch needle, administered at a 45-degree angle: A TB syringe, not calibrated for insulin units. Risk of wrong dose.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. A 75-year-old client who can perform active ROM exercises independently and will be discharged today: Independence with ROM and imminent discharge indicate relative stability and lower immediate risk compared with other options.
B. A 24-year-old client who is grieving after receiving a cancer diagnosis: Emotional support and assessment are important, but grief alone is not immediately life- or safety-threatening compared with clients at higher risk for physical deterioration.
C. A 65-year-old client who has been admitted from a long-term care facility and has several wounds with slough: Multiple sloughing wounds increase risk for infection and require prompt wound assessment and treatment; this client has significant care needs.
D. A 55-year-old client who is newly admitted and is refusing to be turned every 2 hours: This refusal places the client at immediate risk for pressure injury and other immobility complications; because the client is newly admitted and actively refusing a basic safety measure, assessing the reason for refusal and initiating interventions to prevent harm make this the priority for immediate nursing action.
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