A nurse at an outpatient clinic receives a call from a client who reports experiencing syncope after starting a new prescription for enalapril.

Which of the following instructions should the nurse give the client?

Decrease daily fluid intake.

Withhold the medication if pulse rate is less than 60/min

Rise slowly from a sitting position to a standing position

Increase dietary potassium

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

Orthostatic hypotension, which is a sudden drop in blood pressure upon standing, can be a side effect of enalapril and may lead to syncope. Instructing the client to rise slowly from a sitting to a standing position helps minimize the risk of a sudden drop in blood pressure and decreases the chances of syncope occurring.

Decreasing fluid intake is not likely to be the cause of syncope related to enalapril. It is important for clients to maintain adequate hydration, especially if they are experiencing side effects such as orthostatic hypotension.

While a low pulse rate may indicate bradycardia, it is not the primary concern in this situation. Orthostatic hypotension leading to syncope is the main issue, and the client should be instructed to rise slowly to prevent it.

While enalapril is an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor that can increase potassium levels in the blood, it is not directly related to syncope. Dietary changes should be made under the guidance of a healthcare provider based on individual needs and blood test results.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

D, Elevated ammonia

Cirrhosis is a chronic liver disease characterized by the progressive scarring of liver tissue. As liver function becomes impaired, there is a decrease in the liver's ability to metabolize and detoxify substances, including ammonia. Elevated ammonia levels in the blood, known as hyperammonemia, are commonly seen in clients with advanced cirrhosis.

Elevated amylase in (option A) is incorrect because it is typically seen in conditions affecting the pancreas, such as pancreatitis, and is not specific to cirrhosis.

Decreased bilirubin levels in (option B) is incorrect because they are not expected in cirrhosis. In fact, bilirubin levels are often elevated in cirrhosis due to impaired liver function and the accumulation of bilirubin in the blood.

Elevated lipase in (option C) is incorrect because it is typically seen in pancreatic disorders, such as pancreatitis, and is not specific to cirrhosis.

A. Locks the wheels on the client's bed B. Clears furniture from the path leading to the bathroom C. Assists the client to the bathroom every 2 hr D. Raises all four side-rails on the client's bed

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

The nurse should intervene when the AP raises all four side-rails on the client's bed. While it is important to ensure the client's safety and minimize the risk of falls, raising all four side-rails can be considered a restraint and may not be the best practice for fall prevention. The use of physical restraints, including all four side-rails, can lead to adverse outcomes such as entrapment, increased agitation, and decreased mobility.

Locking the wheels on the client's bed: This is an appropriate action to prevent the bed from rolling and ensures stability.

Clearing furniture from the path leading to the bathroom: This is a good practice as it creates a clear and safe path for the client to walk without obstacles.

Assisting the client to the bathroom every 2 hours: This is a proactive measure to prevent falls by ensuring regular toileting and minimizing the need for the client to get up and move independently.

It's important to promote mobility and independence for the client while ensuring their safety.

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A nurse at an outpatient clinic receives a call from a client who reports experiencing syncope after starting a new prescription for enalapril. Which of the following instructions should the nurse give the client?

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A nurse at an outpatient clinic receives a call from a client who reports experiencing syncope after starting a new prescription for enalapril.

Which of the following instructions should the nurse give the client?