A nurse at an outpatient clinic receives a call from a client who reports experiencing syncope after starting a new prescription for enalapril.
Which of the following instructions should the nurse give the client?
Decrease daily fluid intake.
Withhold the medication if pulse rate is less than 60/min
Rise slowly from a sitting position to a standing position
Increase dietary potassium
The Correct Answer is C
Orthostatic hypotension, which is a sudden drop in blood pressure upon standing, can be a side effect of enalapril and may lead to syncope. Instructing the client to rise slowly from a sitting to a standing position helps minimize the risk of a sudden drop in blood pressure and decreases the chances of syncope occurring.
Decreasing fluid intake is not likely to be the cause of syncope related to enalapril. It is important for clients to maintain adequate hydration, especially if they are experiencing side effects such as orthostatic hypotension.
While a low pulse rate may indicate bradycardia, it is not the primary concern in this situation. Orthostatic hypotension leading to syncope is the main issue, and the client should be instructed to rise slowly to prevent it.
While enalapril is an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor that can increase potassium levels in the blood, it is not directly related to syncope. Dietary changes should be made under the guidance of a healthcare provider based on individual needs and blood test results.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Explanation
D. Muscle cramps
Hyponatremia is a condition characterized by low levels of sodium in the blood. Sodium plays a crucial role in maintaining fluid balance and nerve and muscle function. When sodium levels are low, it can lead to imbalances in fluid levels and cause muscle cramps and weakness.
Constipation in (option A) is incorrect because it is more commonly associated with other conditions such as dehydration or electrolyte imbalances like hypercalcemia.
Blurred vision in (option B) is not a typical finding in hyponatremia. Visual disturbances may occur in severe cases, but they are not a consistent symptom.
Hypertension (high blood pressure) in (option C) is not typically associated with hyponatremia. In fact, hyponatremia can sometimes lead to low blood pressure (hypotension) due to the fluid imbalances it causes.
Therefore, the nurse should expect muscle cramps (option D) as a finding in a client with hyponatremia due to the disruption of fluid balance and its impact on muscle function.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Fluid overload refers to an excess volume of fluid in the body, which can occur as a result of various factors, including excessive fluid intake or inadequate fluid removal. Crackles heard in the lungs, also known as rales, can indicate fluid accumulation in the lungs, a condition known as pulmonary edema. It is a common manifestation of fluid overload and can be detected through auscultation of the lungs.
Weight loss is typically associated with inadequate calorie or nutrient intake, rather than fluid overload.
Weight loss is typically associated with inadequate calorie or nutrient intake, rather than fluid overload.
Weight loss is typically associated with inadequate calorie or nutrient intake, rather than fluid overload.
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