A nurse discovers that the wrong dosage of a medication was given to a client. When
determining what action to take, the nurse should recognize that which of the following ethical principles should be applied?

Utility

Paternalism

Fidelity

Veracity

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

- A) Utility: This principle is about producing the greatest good for the greatest number. In the case of a medication error, the focus is not on the collective good but on the individual patient's rights and well-being.
- B) Paternalism: This principle involves making decisions for others, potentially against their will, for their own good. It does not directly apply to the situation of a medication error where the patient's autonomy and right to be informed are paramount.
- C) Fidelity: This principle refers to loyalty and keeping one's promises. While important, it is secondary to the immediate need for honesty and transparency in the event of a medication error.
- D) Veracity: This principle obligates healthcare providers to tell the truth. When a medication error occurs, it is crucial to inform the patient about the mistake and the steps being taken to remedy it, making veracity the most applicable ethical principle in this scenario.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Crepitus is a finding associated with subcutaneous emphysema or gas accumulation under the skin, typically not directly related to right ventricular heart failure.

B. Right ventricular heart failure can lead to increased pressure in the pulmonary artery, resulting in symptoms such as dyspnea, fatigue, and possibly right-sided heart murmurs.

C. Hepatosplenomegaly (enlargement of the liver and spleen) is more commonly associated with conditions such as liver cirrhosis, not specifically right ventricular heart failure.

D. Confusion is not typically associated with right ventricular heart failure unless there are complications such as hypoxemia or impaired cerebral perfusion.

A. The client tucks his chin while swallowing food. B. The client sits upright in bed during meals. C. The client pockets food on one side of his mouth. D. The client has a cough reflex.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A: Tucking the chin while swallowing can actually help prevent aspiration in clients with dysphagia, as it narrows the tracheal opening and helps direct food away from the airway.

B: Sitting upright during meals is a recommended practice to reduce the risk of aspiration. It allows gravity to assist with the movement of food, reducing the likelihood of it entering the airway.

C: Pocketing food on one side of the mouth can be a sign of reduced sensation or motor control on that side, often a result of a stroke. This can lead to unnoticed accumulation of food which may then be aspirated.

D: A cough reflex is a protective mechanism against aspiration. If food enters the airway, the cough reflex should trigger, helping to expel the food from the airway and prevent aspiration.

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A nurse discovers that the wrong dosage of a medication was given to a client. When determining what action to take, the nurse should recognize that which of the following ethical principles should be applied?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is reviewing the history and physical of a client who has right ventricular heart failure. Which of the following is an expected finding?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A nurse is caring for a client who experienced a stroke and has dysphagia. Which of the following findings should indicate to the nurse the client is at risk for aspiration?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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A nurse discovers that the wrong dosage of a medication was given to a client. When
determining what action to take, the nurse should recognize that which of the following ethical principles should be applied?