A nurse in the emergency department is caring for a 16-year old adolescent who collapsed after playing football on a hot day. After reviewing the admission laboratory findings, the nurse recognizes that these findings are consistent with which of the following conditions?
Sodium 152 mEq/L (135-145)
Potassium 3.6 mEq/L(3.4-4.7)
Chloride 105 mEq/L(90-110)
Glucose 102 mg/dL(70-120)
BUN 18 mg/dL(7-20)
Creatinine 0.7 mg/dL(0.5-0.8)
Low-protein diet
Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH)
Renal failure
Dehydration
The Correct Answer is D
A. A low-protein diet would not cause elevated sodium levels.
B. SIADH typically leads to low sodium levels (hyponatremia), not hypernatremia.
C. Renal failure often involves abnormal potassium or creatinine levels, which are normal here.
D. Elevated sodium and dehydration are consistent with excessive fluid loss from heat exposure.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. A neurovascular assessment is priority to ensure circulation is adequate in the affected limb, preventing complications like compartment syndrome.
B. Ice application can help reduce swelling but is secondary to ensuring circulation.
C. Providing reassurance is supportive but not as critical as physical assessment.
D. Discharge instructions are important but can follow the neurovascular assessment.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Fever and photophobia are common symptoms of meningitis but do not indicate increased ICP.
B. Increased heart and respiratory rates are not specific signs of increased ICP.
C. Headache and vomiting are classic signs of increased ICP in children with meningitis.
D. A bulging anterior fontanelle may indicate increased ICP in infants, but this is not applicable to a 5-year-old.
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