A nurse is assessing a 5-year-old child who has diabetes insipidus and is receiving desmopressin.
Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as an indication that the medication is effective?
Heart rate 140/min.
Cessation of nocturnal enuresis.
Capillary refill 3 seconds.
Absence of hypoglycemic episodes.
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A rationale:
A heart rate of 140/min is not a specific indicator of desmopressin effectiveness in a child with diabetes insipidus. The effectiveness of desmopressin is primarily evaluated based on the reduction in excessive urination and thirst associated with the condition. Monitoring heart rate is essential in certain situations but is not a direct measure of desmopressin efficacy in managing diabetes insipidus.
Choice B rationale:
Cessation of nocturnal enuresis (bedwetting) is a significant indication that desmopressin, an antidiuretic hormone, is effective. One of the main symptoms of diabetes insipidus is excessive urination, including during the night, leading to bedwetting. When desmopressin effectively reduces urine production, patients often experience improvement in these symptoms, including the cessation of nocturnal enuresis.
Choice C rationale:
Capillary refill of 3 seconds is a measurement used to assess peripheral perfusion and circulatory status. While it is essential to monitor capillary refill in pediatric patients, especially in cases of dehydration or circulatory compromise, it is not a specific indicator of desmopressin effectiveness in managing diabetes insipidus. Capillary refill time is more relevant in the assessment of cardiovascular function and fluid status.
Choice D rationale:
The absence of hypoglycemic episodes is not a direct indicator of desmopressin effectiveness. Diabetes insipidus is unrelated to blood glucose levels, as it involves the dysregulation of water balance due to insufficient antidiuretic hormone. While it is essential to monitor blood glucose levels in patients with diabetes mellitus, it is not relevant to assessing the effectiveness of desmopressin in treating diabetes insipidus.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
Iron is essential for healthy blood, but it is not specifically associated with preventing neural tube defects. Iron supplementation is crucial during pregnancy to prevent iron-deficiency anemia.
Choice B rationale:
Calcium is essential for bone health, but it is not directly related to preventing neural tube defects. Adequate calcium intake is vital, especially during adolescence and pregnancy, to support bone development and maintenance.
Choice C rationale:
"Folate." This is the correct answer. Folate, also known as vitamin B9, is crucial for preventing neural tube defects. Adequate folate intake, especially before and during early pregnancy, can significantly reduce the risk of neural tube defects in newborns. The normal recommended dietary allowance (RDA) for folate is 400 micrograms per day for adults.
Choice D rationale:
Zinc is a mineral important for immune function and wound healing but is not specifically associated with preventing neural tube defects. Adequate zinc intake is essential for overall health, but it is not a primary nutrient targeted for neural tube defect prevention.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
Absence seizures typically last for a few seconds, not 30 to 60 seconds. This choice is incorrect because it provides inaccurate information about the duration of absence seizures.
Choice B rationale:
Absence seizures are brief episodes of staring that can be mistaken for daydreaming. It is crucial for the parent to recognize this symptom to ensure the child's safety and seek appropriate medical attention if needed.
Choice C rationale:
Absence seizures usually occur without warning or an aura. There is no specific warning sign before the onset of absence seizures, making this choice incorrect.
Choice D rationale:
Absence seizures have a sudden onset and offset without any warning signs, so they do not have a gradual onset. This information is incorrect regarding absence seizures.
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