A nurse is assessing a child for risk of an arteriovenous malformation (AVM). Which of the following is a factor the nurse should recognize as being a risk factor for AVM?

A. "Your child should have their blood pressure checked every time they are seen for a health care visit.": Children with a strong family history of hypertension are considered at increased risk, so regular monitoring at each health care visit allows for early detection and intervention if elevated blood pressure develops.

B. "Your child should have blood pressure screening annually, starting at 3 years of age.": Standard guidelines recommend routine annual screening starting at 3 years for children without risk factors, but those with a family history of hypertension require more frequent monitoring.

C. "Your child should have blood pressure screenings every 6 months, starting at 2 years of age.": While increased frequency may be considered in some high-risk children, standard recommendations prioritize checking at each visit rather than a fixed 6-month schedule.

D. "Your child will not have blood pressure screening until they are in high school.": Delaying screening until adolescence would miss opportunities for early identification and management of elevated blood pressure, particularly in children at risk due to family history.

A. Delayed motor development:Muscular dystrophy is characterized by progressive muscle degeneration that often presents in early childhood. Delayed milestones such as late walking, difficulty running, or frequent falls are common early assessment findings.

B. Lung defects:Progressive weakness of respiratory muscles can impair ventilation and cough effectiveness. Over time, this can lead to restrictive lung disease, recurrent respiratory infections, and decreased pulmonary function.

C. Scoliosis:Weakness of trunk and paraspinal muscles contributes to abnormal spinal curvature. As muscle imbalance progresses, scoliosis commonly develops and can further compromise respiratory function.

D. Insomnia:Sleep disturbances are not a defining or expected manifestation of muscular dystrophy. While fatigue may occur, insomnia is not a characteristic assessment finding related to the disease process itself.

E. Muscle weakness:Progressive, symmetrical muscle weakness is the hallmark feature of muscular dystrophy. It typically begins in proximal muscles and worsens over time, significantly affecting mobility and functional ability.