A nurse is assessing a client who exhibits marked fear and anxiety about a specific object or situation that is out of proportion to the actual danger. The nurse observes that the fear or anxiety causes clinically significant distress and impairment in social, occupational, or other areas of functioning. Based on this information, the nurse suspects that the client is experiencing:
Specific Phobia.
Social Phobia.
Agoraphobia.
Panic Disorder.
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A rationale:
Specific Phobia. This is the correct answer. The client's symptoms of marked fear and anxiety about a specific object or situation that is out of proportion to the actual danger, along with resulting distress and impairment, are characteristic of a specific phobia. Specific phobias involve intense fear and avoidance behavior triggered by specific objects or situations, like heights, animals, or certain environments.
Choice B rationale:
Social Phobia. The client's symptoms do not align with social phobia, which centers around fears of social judgment and performance situations, not specific objects or situations.
Choice C rationale:
Agoraphobia. Agoraphobia involves fear of situations where escape may be difficult or embarrassing, such as crowded places. The client's fear does not seem related to this type of avoidance.
Choice D rationale:
Panic Disorder. While panic disorder involves recurrent panic attacks, it does not necessarily involve avoidance of specific objects or situations as the primary response. The client's avoidance behavior is more indicative of a specific phobia.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice D rationale:
The individual fears or avoids certain situations due to thoughts of difficulty escaping or lack of available help in case of developing incapacitating symptoms (Choice D) is a characteristic of agoraphobia. Individuals with agoraphobia often fear being in situations where escape might be challenging or help might not be readily available if they experience intense anxiety or panic symptoms.
Choice A rationale:
The fear or anxiety is not better explained by another mental disorder (Choice A) is a general criterion for diagnosing anxiety disorders, but it doesn't specifically relate to agoraphobia.
Choice B rationale:
The individual fears or avoids social situations due to the perceived threat of negative evaluation (Choice B) is more indicative of social anxiety disorder, not agoraphobia.
Choice C rationale:
The fear or anxiety is persistent, typically lasting for 6 months or more (Choice C) is a general criterion for diagnosing anxiety disorders, but it doesn't uniquely characterize agoraphobia.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
The statement "This medication will help regulate my mood and anxiety" is accurate. Antidepressants are commonly prescribed for mood and anxiety disorders, including phobias. They work by affecting neurotransmitters in the brain to improve mood and reduce anxiety.
Choice B rationale:
The statement "I should expect to see immediate results after taking this medication" is incorrect. This suggests a misunderstanding about the timeline for antidepressant effectiveness. Antidepressants typically take several weeks to show noticeable effects. It's important to educate the client that gradual improvement over time is expected.
Choice C rationale:
The statement "I may experience side effects such as nausea and drowsiness" is accurate. Many antidepressants can indeed cause side effects like nausea, drowsiness, and other gastrointestinal symptoms, especially when starting the medication. Educating the client about potential side effects promotes informed decision-making.
Choice D rationale:
The statement "It's important to take this medication consistently as prescribed" is accurate. Consistent adherence to the prescribed medication regimen is crucial for the effectiveness of antidepressants. Missing doses or stopping the medication abruptly can lead to discontinuation symptoms and a potential relapse of symptoms.
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