A nurse is assessing a client who has a herniated lumbar disc. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

The client reports relief from pain when lying in the prone position.

The client reports that their low-back pain radiates upward toward one scapula.

The client reports tingling and a burning sensation in one foot.

The client reports decreased pain when the affected leg is raised.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

Choice A Reason

The client reports relief from pain when lying in the prone position. This statement is incorrect. Clients with a herniated lumbar disc typically find relief from pain when lying on their back with their knees bent or in a fetal position. Lying prone can sometimes exacerbate the pain.

Choice B Reason

The client reports that their low-back pain radiates upward toward one scapula. This statement is incorrect. Pain from a herniated lumbar disc usually radiates downward into the buttocks, legs, and sometimes the feet, not upward toward the scapula.

Choice C Reason

The client reports tingling and a burning sensation in one foot. This is the correct finding. A herniated lumbar disc can compress spinal nerves, leading to symptoms such as tingling, numbness, and a burning sensation in the legs and feet.

Choice D Reason

The client reports decreased pain when the affected leg is raised. This statement is incorrect. Raising the affected leg often increases pain due to the stretching of the sciatic nerve, which can be compressed by the herniated disc.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A Reason

Apply an ice pack directly to the affected area. This statement is incorrect. Applying ice to a snake bite can cause more harm than good. Ice can restrict blood flow and potentially increase tissue damage. The recommended approach is to keep the bite area still and at or below heart level to slow the spread of venom.

Choice B Reason

Immobilize the affected extremity with a splint. This is the correct intervention. Immobilizing the affected limb helps to slow the spread of venom by reducing movement. Keeping the limb still and using a splint can prevent the venom from circulating more rapidly through the body.

Choice C Reason

Place a tourniquet above and below the affected area. This statement is incorrect. Using a tourniquet is not recommended for snake bites as it can cause severe damage to the affected limb by cutting off blood flow completely. This can lead to tissue death and other complications.

Choice D Reason

Elevate the affected extremity. This statement is incorrect. Elevating the limb can increase the spread of venom. The affected limb should be kept at or below heart level to slow the venom’s spread.

A. Urine specific gravity 1.02 (1.005 to 1.03) B. Sodium 119 mEq/L (136 to 145 mEq/L) C. BUN 8 mg/dL (10 to 20 mg/dL) D. Calcium 8.7 mg/dL (9 to 10.5 mg/dL)

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A Reason:

A urine specific gravity of 1.02 falls within the normal range (1.005 to 1.03) and indicates that the kidneys are excreting water appropriately. In SIADH, urine is typically concentrated due to excessive antidiuretic hormone (ADH) secretion. A normal urine specific gravity suggests that the ADH levels are normalizing and the condition is resolving.

Choice B Reason:

A sodium level of 119 mEq/L is significantly below the normal range (136 to 145 mEq/L) and indicates persistent hyponatremia. This finding suggests that the SIADH is not resolving, as effective treatment should lead to an increase in serum sodium levels.

Choice C Reason:

A BUN level of 8 mg/dL is slightly below the normal range (10 to 20 mg/dL) but is not a primary indicator of SIADH resolution. BUN levels can be influenced by various factors, including hydration status and renal function.

Choice D Reason:

A calcium level of 8.7 mg/dL is slightly below the normal range (9 to 10.5 mg/dL) but does not directly indicate the resolution of SIADH. Calcium levels are not typically used to monitor the effectiveness of SIADH treatment.

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A nurse is assessing a client who has a herniated lumbar disc. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse in a rural community is providing education to a group of clients about first aid interventions for snake bites to prevent further injury. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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